自闭症儿童的学龄兄弟姐妹之间社会沟通发展的连续性
Devon N Gangi1, Ana-Maria Iosif2, Shyeena Maqbool1
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, MIND Institute, University of California, Davis.
Developmental psychology
|July 10, 2025
概括
自闭症个体的晚出生的兄弟姐妹可能会在早期表现出社会沟通差异. 这些差异可以持续到学龄,这表明需要对有风险的儿童进行持续监测和支持.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
- 儿童行为研究 儿童行为研究
背景情况:
- 对自闭症个体兄弟姐妹的前性研究通常旨在预测自闭症诊断.
- 在婴儿期的一些非自闭症兄弟姐妹中观察到亚临床异常,但连续性到学龄是不一致的.
- 了解患有自闭症家族高风险的兄弟姐妹的发育轨迹至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从婴儿期到学龄 (6-16岁) 的非自闭症兄弟姐妹中纵向跟踪社会沟通的发展.
- 根据这些兄弟姐妹的社交沟通能力,确定不同的发育特征.
- 为了检查早期行为差异的连续性,以后的童年社会沟通结果.
主要方法:
- 从婴儿期到6-16岁的266个非自闭症兄弟姐妹的纵向跟踪 (151个高,115个自闭症可能性低).
- 在一系列社会沟通措施 (家长报告,直接观察/管理) 上使用隐藏的个人资料分析.
- 对已识别的个人资料进行实用语言,互惠社会互动和认知措施的评估表现.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个不同的学龄社会沟通概况:高 (45.5%),中 (45.2%) 和低 (9.3%) 能力.
- 较低的社会沟通能力组 (三年级) 与新伴侣有差异,智商/学业成绩较低.
- 在12-18个月之间观察到的早期差异预测了后来的学龄社会沟通概况,显示了发展的连续性.
结论:
- 自闭症儿童的兄弟姐妹的社交沟通差异,即使没有自闭症诊断,也可能代表更广泛的发育变异.
- 在婴儿/幼儿时期 (12-18个月) 早期发现的挑战预测了以后的社会沟通轨迹.
- 建议对表现出早期儿童发育挑战的兄弟姐妹进行持续监测和支持.
相关概念视频
Autism Spectrum Disorder
344
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
344
Modeling in Therapy
152
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
152
Socioemotional Development during Infancy
126
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
Primary Temperament Types
126
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
83
Social-emotional experiences and cultural influences play significant roles in shaping gender development. During middle childhood, from ages 6 to 11, peer groups become dominant in reinforcing gender norms. Children in this age group often align with same-gender peer groups, which actively encourage behaviors that conform to traditional gender roles. For instance, boys may be discouraged from engaging in activities perceived as feminine, reinforcing culturally dictated norms about masculinity...
83
Language Development
456
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
456
Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Childhood
221
Erik Erikson, a stage theorist, adapted Freud's theory to emphasize social factors in personality development throughout life, a concept known as psychosocial development. Unlike Freud, who focused on early childhood, Erikson believed that personality evolves across eight life stages, each marked by a specific challenge or "crisis." Successful resolution of each stage fosters competence, while failure may lead to feelings of inadequacy.
The first four of Erikson's eight...
The first four of Erikson's eight...
221


