在社区护理中采用防摔干预措施的实施策略的有效性:系统审查
Siv Linnerud1, Linda Aimée Hartford Kvæl1,2, Birgitte Graverholt3
1Department of Rehabilitation Science and Health Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
PloS one
|July 10, 2025
概括
实施系统策略,如利益相关者培训,可以增加社区防摔计划. 然而,它们对住院患者的影响需要进一步调查.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 实施科学 实施科学
背景情况:
- 跌倒是老年人发病和死亡的主要原因,造成了重大的社会经济负担.
- 有效的防摔干预措施已经存在,但其实际实施仍然有限.
- 在社区环境中实施有效的防摔策略的研究很少.
研究的目的:
- 评估社区护理中预防跌倒的实施策略的有效性.
- 评估这些战略对实施和健康相关结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (MEDLINE,CINAHL,EMBASE,PsycINFO,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Google Scholar) 中进行系统的文献搜索.
- 包括各种设计的研究 (RCT,非随机试验,控制前后,中断时间序列,重复测量).
- 使用投票计数和偏见风险评估进行叙述综合 (RoB2,ROBINS-I).
主要成果:
- 来自三个独特研究的四篇文章从8365个引用中被纳入.
- 系统的实施策略,特别是培训和教育,增加了县和社区一级的防摔干预措施的数量.
- 没有观察到对医院或急诊室入院的明显影响.
结论:
- 关于预防摔倒干预措施实施策略的有效性,存在重大研究差距.
- 未来的研究应该优先发展和测试社区老年人有效的实施策略.
- 加强实施对于将防摔研究转化为实践至关重要.
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