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相关概念视频

Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

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Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
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Cognitive Dissonance01:38

Cognitive Dissonance

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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Attribution Theory00:56

Attribution Theory

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Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
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Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory01:20

Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory

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Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
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Blinding01:11

Blinding

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Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

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这是一个指责故意无知的框架.

Lara Kirfel1, Tobias Gerstenberg2, Ro'i Zultan3

  • 1Center for Humans and Machines, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Germany.

Current opinion in psychology
|July 10, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

蓄意无知,故意逃避知识,使道德责任和责备复杂化. 这项研究探讨了人们如何将责任归咎于故意无知的个体背后的心理机制.

关键词:
责怪对方,责怪对方的行为.因果关系是因果关系.认识状态是认识状态.责任感 责任感 责任感蓄意的无知 无知是故意的

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The Modified Temptation Resistance Task: A Paradigm to Elicit Children's Strategic Lie-telling
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Irrelevant Stimuli and Action Control: Analyzing the Influence of Ignored Stimuli via the Distractor-Response Binding Paradigm
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Sep 16, 2025

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The Modified Temptation Resistance Task: A Paradigm to Elicit Children's Strategic Lie-telling
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科学领域:

  • 道德心理学道德心理学
  • 认知科学 认知科学
  • 法律哲学 法律哲学

背景情况:

  • 蓄意无知,故意回避信息,对道德责任和法律责任的传统观念提出了挑战.
  • 最近的心理学研究调查了个人如何在故意无知的情况下归咎于责任,超越了传统的哲学解释.
  • 对于道德和法律框架来说,了解故意无知导致的指责归因至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 审查和综合当前关于人们如何将责任归咎于故意无知的代理人的研究.
  • 提出一个理论框架,解释背后的心理机制,责怪故意无知.
  • 确定影响归咎的关键因素,并建议未来的研究方向.

主要方法:

  • 关于故意无知和责怪的心理学和哲学研究的文献评论.
  • 发展一个理论框架,整合认识论,反事实和个人推断机制.
  • 对现有经验证据进行分析,以支持提出的解释因素.

主要成果:

  • 蓄意的无知显著影响了责怪的归因,通常导致与普通无知相比,谴责的增加.
  • 三种主要机制 - - 认识体系,反事实和个人推断 - - 解释了故意无知如何影响责备.
  • 有证据支持这些机制在塑造关于责任的判断中的作用.

结论:

  • 蓄意无知是一种独特的现象,在讨论道德和法律责任时需要特别考虑.
  • 拟议的框架提供了一个全面的理解的心理过程,涉及到责怪故意无知的个人.
  • 需要进一步的经验研究来完善这些机制及其对现实世界的判断的影响.