相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 16, 2025

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions

Published on: July 30, 2017

在基于化的系统中,高效地用-18-皇冠-6提取

Chao Yao¹, Tao Ge¹, Liang Xu²

¹School of Metallurgical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, 243032, PR China.

Journal of environmental management

|July 10, 2025

概括

-18-皇冠-6 (B18C6) 选择性地从化溶液中提取 (Pt(IV)) 的效率为99.8%. 这种可重复使用的皇冠以太显示出在工业应用中回收的巨大潜力.

科学领域:

* 无机化学无机化学
* 材料科学材料科学
* 分析化学分析化学

背景情况:

*从化物浸出系统中回收金 (Pt(IV)) 对资源管理至关重要.
*精选提取贵金属需要高效且可重复使用的复合剂.
* -18-皇冠-6 (B18C6) 正在探索其在Pt(IV) 复合中的潜力.

研究的目的:

* 通过使用-18-皇冠-6 (B18C6) 在化 (KX) 系统中研究Pt(IV) 的选择性提取.
*阐明B18C6和Pt (IV) 离子之间的复合机制.
* 评估B18C6的效率,选择性和可重复使用性,用于Pt(IV) 恢复.

主要方法:

*光谱分析以确定最佳的提取参数 (KX度,B18C6:Pt(IV) 比率,酸度,时间).
* 包括乔布斯方法,质谱学,SEM-EDS和1H NMR光谱学在内的特征技术.
*密度函数理论 (DFT) 计算以建模复杂化机制.

主要成果:

*在最佳条件下,使用B18C6-KI系统实现了99.8%的Pt(IV) 提取效率,即使使用竞争性离子.
* 负载有机相被有效地剥离使用硫尿素和盐酸.
*高的Pt(IV) 提取效率 (大约. 91%) 在七个提取-剥离周期后保持,这表明可重复使用性很好.
* B18C6与Pt (IV) 的静态度比被确定为2:1.
* DFT计算证实了一种涉及初始B18C6-KX复合体形成的机制,随后与PtX6^2-.进行离子交换.

结论:

*-18-皇冠-6 (B18C6) 是一种高效和选择性提取物,可从化物介质中提取Pt(IV).
*已建立的复杂化机制[B18C6-K]2PtX6,有助于高效的回收.
*B18C6具有显著的可重复使用性,使其成为工业回收工艺的有希望的候选者.

关键词:

性金属化物性金属化物复杂化机制的复杂化机制皇冠以太是什么意思?液体液体提取液体液体提取金的回收是为了回收金.

更多相关视频

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Published on: December 29, 2016

Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene

Accessing Valuable Ligand Supports for Transition Metals: A Modified, Intermediate Scale Preparation of 1,2,3,4,5-Pentamethylcyclopentadiene

Published on: March 20, 2017

相关概念视频

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles. However, nucleophilic aromatic substitutions can be forced under certain conditions, such as high temperatures or strong bases. The mechanism of substitution under such conditions involves the highly unstable and reactive benzyne intermediate. Benzyne contains equivalent carbon centers at both ends of the triple bond, each of which is equally susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This 50–50 distribution of products is...

Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Halogenation

Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Halogenation

Benzylic halogenation takes place under conditions that favor radical reactions such as heat, light, or a free radical initiator like peroxide.

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene

Chlorination and bromination are important classes of electrophilic aromatic substitutions, where benzene reacts with chlorine or bromine in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to give halogenated substitution products. A Lewis acid such as aluminium chloride or ferric chloride catalyzes the chlorination, and ferric bromide catalyzes the bromination reactions. During the bromination of alkenes, bromine polarizes and becomes electrophilic. However, in the bromination of benzene, the bromine...

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride

Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation...

Crown Ethers

Crown Ethers

Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether...