调和塑料释放:对宏观和微型塑料流向环境的全面建模
1Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Technology and Society Laboratory, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014, St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
|July 10, 2025
概括
塑料污染是一个全球性问题. 一项新的研究量化了瑞士的塑料排放量,发现人均排放量低于此前的估计,特别是对PET和PP.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 材料流量分析 材料流量分析
- 污染研究 污染研究
背景情况:
- 塑料污染是一个重大的全球环境挑战.
- 了解环境排放对于有效的减排策略至关重要.
- 生命周期评估与材料流量分析相结合,为量化塑料释放提供了可靠的方法.
研究的目的:
- 从生命周期的角度全面量化宏观和微型塑料的排放.
- 将最近关于排放通路的研究纳入概率材料流分析模型.
- 作为一个案例研究,评估瑞士 (2022) 的塑料排放.
主要方法:
- 利用概率的材料流分析来模型塑料释放.
- 整合了关于关键排放通路的最新研究.
- 为245个释放流量确定了排放因子,以量化七种聚合物的土壤和水排放.
主要成果:
- 在瑞士,估计每人每年排放的塑料总量为222 ± 50克.
- 聚乙烯二甲 (PET) 占排放量的37%,聚烯 (PP) 占排放量的22%.
- 巨型塑料占总塑料释放量的82%,由于建模差异,与之前的估计有显著差异.
结论:
- 在具有有效废物管理和高度环保意识的工业化国家,塑料排放可能低于之前的假设.
- 该研究强调了准确建模轮胎磨损和垃圾的重要性.
- 这些发现提供了对塑料污染源和数量的更精细的了解.
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