在年轻男性的查计划中,我们是否需要早期检测2级前列腺癌? 来自PROBASE选试验的结果
Peter Albers1, Agne Krilaviciute2, Petra Seibold2
1Division of Personalized Early Detection of Prostate Cancer, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Düsseldorf University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
European urology oncology
|July 10, 2025
概括
在45岁及以上的中等风险男性中,将前列腺癌查间隔延长到5年,可能会减少过度诊断. 这种方法保持了对攻击性癌症的早期检测,同时尽量减少对缓慢生长的前列腺癌 (PCs) 不必要的测试.
科学领域:
- 尿道瘤学 尿道瘤学
- 癌症查 癌症查
- 前列腺癌研究 研究前列腺癌
背景情况:
- 低风险和有利的中等风险前列腺癌 (国际泌尿病学学会等级组1和2) 通常增长缓慢,转移潜力低.
- 积极监测是1级前列腺癌的推治疗方法,在没有不良病理因素的情况下,可以考虑2级前列腺癌.
- 在年轻男性中检测低度前列腺癌的最佳查间隔仍然是一个研究领域.
研究的目的:
- 评估延长中等风险男性前列腺癌查间隔的可能性.
- 在查计划中评估中等风险男性的诊断产量和癌症检测率.
- 确定目前所有中等风险个体是否需要进行两年一次的查.
主要方法:
- 来自PROBASE查试验的数据分析,重点是45岁的男性中等前列腺特异抗原 (PSA) 风险 (1.5-2.99 ng/ml).
- 在前两轮两年一次的查中,对159次检查PSA水平≥3ng/ml进行了评估.
- 根据国际泌尿病学病理学会等级组对检测到的前列腺癌进行分类.
主要成果:
- 在中等风险组的活检中,有37%为前列腺癌阳性.
- 78%的检测到的癌症是低度的 (等级组1或2).
- 只有0.8%的中等风险男性患有高度疾病 (级别组3-5),如果查间隔延长到5年,可能会有1-3年的诊断延迟.
结论:
- 将查间隔从两年延长到五年可能是45岁的男性中介PSA风险可行的.
- 这种调整可以显著减少大约10%的查人群中不必要的测试和过度诊断.
- 这些发现支持重新考虑特定中等风险前列腺癌患者群体的查频率.
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