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在整个进化过程中,HP1失去了它的染色质聚类和相分离功能

Sanâa Bensaha¹, Dominika Lewandowska¹, Fernando Muzzopappa¹

¹MCD, Center for Integrative Biology (CBI), University of Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France.

Nature communications

|July 10, 2025

概括

酵母和中的异染色蛋白1 (HP1) 阶段分离,不同于小鼠HP1. 这种蛋白相分离会影响异染色体组织,但对基因表达有很小的影响.

科学领域:

细胞生物学细胞生物学
分子生物学分子生物学
遗传学是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

Heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) 是一种涉及到 heterochromatin 形成的保存蛋白质.
由于系统之间存在相互矛盾的证据,HP1在通过相位分离驱动异染色素形成中的作用受到争议.

研究的目的:

为了比较评估来自不同物种 (裂变酵母,果,老鼠) 的HP1同类的体外和体外分离阶段行为.
为了研究HP1诱导的异染色质凝聚对基因表达的影响.
阐明影响HP1相分离倾向的进化因素.

主要方法:

在体外相位分离试验.
使用哺乳动物细胞进行体内研究,观察异色染色素凝聚.
对HP1内在障碍和对等相互作用的分析.

主要成果:

来自裂变酵母和果的HP1表现出液-液相分离,与小鼠HP1.1不同.
在小鼠细胞中由酵母和HP1诱导的色胺凝聚对基因表达的影响很小.
在HP1同类物体中,相分离倾向的下降与降低的内在障碍和对对抗性同类物体的敏感性增加有关.

结论:

HP1相分离能力因物种而异,酵母和HP1比小鼠HP1更容易发生相分离.
通过HP1介导的色素组织对基因表达的影响有限.
本质性乱和对等相互作用的进化变化塑造了HP1阶段分离动态和核组织控制.

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