幼儿舞蹈运动干预对学龄前儿童执行功能的影响:随机对照试验
Wanxu Liu1, Zilin Wang1, Yixuan Liu1
1College of the Arts, Beijing Sport University, 48 Xinxi Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100084, China.
Scientific reports
|July 10, 2025
概括
早期儿童DanceSport干预显著改善了学龄前儿童的执行功能 (EFs). 舞蹈运动增强了认知灵活性和抑制控制,对认知发展具有特定年龄的益处.
科学领域:
- 儿童发展 儿童发展
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 舞蹈科学 舞蹈科学 舞蹈科学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 对于儿童早期的认知发展至关重要.
- 在学龄前儿童中促进EF的干预对学术和社会成功至关重要.
- 舞蹈运动为潜在的认知增强提供了一个独特的,引人入胜的平台.
研究的目的:
- 调查8周早期儿童舞蹈运动计划对学龄前儿童执行功能的影响.
- 评估认知灵活性 (CF),抑制控制 (IC) 和工作记忆 (WM) 的变化.
- 探讨干预措施对不同EF的年龄特异性影响.
主要方法:
- 214名学龄前儿童 (4-6岁) 被随机分为DanceSport (实验) 或常规活动 (对照) 组.
- 实验组参与了为期8周的每周两次的DanceSport课程 (每次45分钟).
- 标准化测试 (DCCS,ANT-C,BDST) 在干预前后测量了EF.
主要成果:
- 显著的时间 × 组互动表明DanceSport改善了DCCS,ANT-C和BDST的表现 (p <0.01).
- 认知灵活性在5-6岁的孩子中表现出更大的改善,而抑制控制在4-5岁的孩子中表现出更大的改善.
- 对DCCS和ANT-C任务的反应时间观察到年龄特异性影响.
结论:
- 早期儿童舞蹈运动干预有效地提高了学龄前儿童的执行功能.
- 这些发现支持将舞蹈运动纳入早期教育课程,以促进认知发展.
- 根据DanceSport对特定EF的影响的差异,可以制定适合年龄的策略.
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