在橄球比赛中补充牛乳
Eliran Mizelman1, Keely A Shaw2, Mojtaba Kaviani3
1Department of Exercise Science, North Carolina Wesleyan University, Rocky Mount, NC, 27804, USA.
European journal of applied physiology
|July 10, 2025
概括
牛乳粉补充剂增强了橄球运动员的下肢力量,但没有显著改善力量,有氧能力或免疫标记. 建议对非赛季培训申请进行进一步的研究.
科学领域:
- 运动科学与营养 运动科学与营养
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 牛乳含有丰富的生物活性化合物,因其提高运动表现和免疫功能的潜力而受到研究.
- 橄球联盟的高强度需求可能会增加运动员对感染的易感性.
研究的目的:
- 评估8周牛乳补充剂对橄球运动员表现和免疫标记物的影响.
- 在双盲随机研究中,将牛乳 (38克/天) 与大豆蛋白进行比较.
主要方法:
- 评估肌肉力量 (1RM长椅/腿按压),功率 (垂直跳跃) 和有氧功率 (20米穿跑).
- 测量身体组成 (DXA,超声波) 和唾液免疫/炎症标志物 (IgA,CRP,IL-6,IL-1β).
- 在29名俱乐部级橄球运动员服用补充剂8周后评估的变化.
主要成果:
- 牛乳粉显著改善了垂直跳跃高度,表明增加了下肢力量 (p=0.0023).
- 在上/下肢力量,有氧功率或身体组成方面没有观察到显著的改善.
- 唾液免疫/炎症标志物和报告的疾病发病率不受补充剂的影响.
结论:
- 在橄球运动员中,牛乳可能会增强神经肌肉性能,特别是下肢力量.
- 对于其他性能指标,身体组成或免疫功能,发现的益处有限.
- 建议对季外训练或在免疫应激较高的条件下进行进一步研究.
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