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劳动力市场分类和性别工资差距重新审视
Anthony Strittmatter1, Conny Wunsch2
1UniDistance Suisse, Brig, Switzerland.
概括
劳动力市场中的性别隔离显著影响了性别薪酬差距的估计. 解决这个问题需要仔细考虑可比性和估计方法,以准确确定无法解释的工资差异.
科学领域:
- 劳动经济学 劳动经济学
- 计量经济学 计量经济学 计量经济学
- 劳动社会学工作的社会学.
背景情况:
- 性别工资差距是全球劳动力市场的一个持续问题.
- 现有的估计方法可能不能完全考虑劳动力市场结构,如职业隔离.
- 瑞士由于其独特的劳动力市场细分而提供了一个相关的案例研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查性别隔离对性别工资差距估计的影响.
- 提出和评估在分离的劳动力市场中更准确地估计工资差距的方法.
- 根据方法选择,量化估计的未解释的性别工资差距的差异.
主要方法:
- 分析来自瑞士的劳动力市场数据,以识别具有完美的性别分类的细分.
- 应用计量经济学模型,包括灵活的半参数估计器.
- 标准Blinder-Oaxaca分解与方法进行比较,考虑缺乏重叠,并强制执行前期可比性.
主要成果:
- 大量的劳动力市场部分表现出完美的性别分类,防止直接非参数识别工资差距.
- 关于前期可比性和估计者选择的方法选择显著影响工资差距估计.
- 灵活的半参数估计器解释了多达38%的原始性别工资差距,与标准方法相比,减少了多达44%的无法解释的差距.
结论:
- 性别分离对准确估计性别工资差距构成重大挑战.
- 标准估计技术可能会低估或错误地归因于性别工资差异的原因.
- 更复杂的劳动力市场结构会计方法对于可靠的性别薪酬差距分析至关重要.
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