拉脱维亚的早产:二十年的国家趋势,结构和风险因素
Diana Andzane1,2, Ludmila Volozonoka3, Maksims Zolovs4,5
1Riga Maternity Hospital, Riga, Latvia.
Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
|July 11, 2025
概括
拉脱维亚在20多年中保持了5.5%的稳定早产率. 尽管风险因素发生了变化,预产婴儿数量增加,但新生儿和围产婴儿死亡率有所改善.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 围产期流行病学 围产期流行病学
背景情况:
- 拉脱维亚,一个波罗的海国家,有史以来低的早产率.
- 近几十年的社会经济转型促使人们对PTB趋势和稳定因素进行调查.
- 了解PTB动态对于发达国家公共卫生战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析2000年至2023年拉脱维亚的PTB率和结果的时间趋势.
- 为了识别PTB结构的变化,包括自发与指示分娩.
- 为了检查PTB风险因素在研究期间的变化.
主要方法:
- 拉脱维亚 (2000-2023) 的所有期限和PTB的回顾性分析.
- 数据来源于疾病预防和控制中心的健康统计数据库.
- 结点回归用于确定PTB,死亡率和风险因素的显著趋势变化 (p < 0.05).
主要成果:
- 整体PTB率保持稳定,为5.5%;指标PTB显著增加 (p=0.036),主要是由于晚期早产.
- 自发性PTB,特别是极端的PTB,显著下降 (p=0.005).
- 产后结核死亡率大幅下降 (p=0.005),而孕产妇年龄和先前的剖腹产等危险因素增加,初级阶级,吸烟和低教育程度下降.
结论:
- 拉脱维亚的一致的PTB率归因于有效的指导方针和投资,尽管风险因素不断变化.
- 指示PTB的增加表明,晚期早产的临床实践发生了变化.
- 与PTB相关的死亡率的显著降低凸显了成功的公共卫生干预措施和社会经济改善.
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