D-氨基酸代谢的多功能性作为马里亚纳海沟微生物群的共同适应策略
Xiangyu Wang1,2, Yongxin Lv3, Weishu Zhao1,2,4
1State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
mSystems
|July 11, 2025
概括
深海沟中的微生物可以代谢D-氨基酸 (D-AAs),挑战他们总是反抗的想法. 这表明D-AA的营业额在哈达尔区的环境上有所依赖.
科学领域:
- 海洋微生物学 海洋微生物学
- 生物地质化学生物地质化学
- 分子生态学分子生态学
背景情况:
- 哈达尔沟是微生物群落的宿主,对固的溶解有机物 (RDOM) 周转至关重要.
- 微生物在深海RDOM中D-氨基酸 (D-AA) 循环中的作用仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
- D-AAs是深海RDOM的重要组成部分,也是有机物回的指标.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究D-AAs在 hadal区域的代谢潜力.
- 为了确定参与D-AA代谢的微生物种群.
- 了解在极端深海环境中D-AA循环的生态意义.
主要方法:
- 策划了一个D-AA功能基因数据库用于元基因组分析.
- 在玛丽亚纳海峡水柱和沉积物样本中鉴定了D-AA合成和合成基因.
- 分析了细菌和古生物的基因组,以检测D-AA基因的存在.
- 研究了D-AA基因与中央碳代谢/氨氧化基因之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 确定了与中央碳和氨氧化途径相关的多种D-AA代谢基因.
- 发现93.6%的恢复的微生物基因组具有D-AA功能基因.
- 在氨氧化古生物中发现了谷氨酸激酶,这表明D-谷氨酸融入了哈尔生物地球化学循环.
- 观察到D-AA产量增加和降解潜力随着水深的增加,在海水中比沉积物更高.
结论:
- D-AA代谢是最深的海洋中普遍存在的生态功能,由各种微生物种群驱动.
- 在氨氧化古生物中,谷氨酸赛马酶的无处不在存在凸显了它们在哈达尔D-谷氨酸循环中的作用.
- 随着深度增加的D-AA周转率表明了对极端的海拔条件的适应性反应,挑战了恒定D-AA回收的概念.
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