[头癌系统治疗的最新进展]
1Fej-nyaki Daganatok Multidiszciplináris Központ, Országos Onkológiai Intézet, Klinikai Onkológiai Osztály, Budapest, Hungary. pinter.tamas@oncol.hu.
Magyar onkologia
|July 11, 2025
概括
包括免疫疗法在内的全身疗法已经在治疗头部和部状细胞癌 (HNSCC) 方面取得了进展. 针对复发性或转移性HNSCC的这些疗法的最佳测序仍然是一个关键的临床挑战.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 临床试验 临床试验
背景情况:
- 头部和部状细胞癌 (HNSCC) 对全球健康构成重大挑战.
- 复发性/转移性 (R/M) HNSCC的系统治疗已经被免疫疗法和向疗法彻底改变.
- 已建立的第一线标准包括pembrolizumab用于PD-L1阳性HNSCC,PD-1抑制剂在第二线设置中显示生存益处.
研究的目的:
- 审查HNSCC系统疗法的不断变化的格局.
- 突出免疫疗法和向治疗的进展.
- 确定HNSCC治疗序列的关键临床挑战.
主要方法:
- 对关键临床试验的审查 (例如,KEYNOTE-048,检查机141,KEYNOTE-040).
- 对术后,辅助和全身免疫疗法数据的分析.
- 在不同的HNSCC环境中评估治疗结果 (一线,二线,局部高级).
主要成果:
- 布罗利祖马布是PD-L1阳性HNSCC的第一线标准.
- PD-1 抑制剂在二线环境中显示出生存益处.
- 术后和辅助免疫疗法在可切除的HNSCC中表现有前途,但对于局部晚期疾病的最终治疗存在局限性.
结论:
- 系统疗法显著改善了R/M HNSCC的治疗结果.
- 免疫检查点抑制剂对局部晚期HNSCC的最终治疗有局限性.
- 系统疗法的最佳顺序是HNSCC管理中的一个至关重要的未解决的挑战.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.4K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K
Cancer Therapies
8.0K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
8.0K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.8K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.8K
Cancer Vaccines
517
Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...
517
Tumor Immunotherapy
665
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
665


