微生物组调制用于固体新生体的治疗
Regina Barragan-Carrillo1,2, Zeynep B Zengin3, Sumanta K Pal1
1Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA.
概括
调节肠道微生物组显示有望增强癌症免疫治疗反应. 诸如益生菌和便移植等策略正在研究中,但对于标准护理需要进行大型试验.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 微生物组研究 微生物组研究
背景情况:
- 肠道微生物群与免疫系统的相互作用对于癌症治疗的有效性至关重要.
- 特定的肠道细菌与免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 的改善反应有关.
- 抗生素对微生物群的破坏与ICI治疗中的耐药性和较差的存活率相关.
研究的目的:
- 探索微生物组调制作为瘤学治疗策略的作用.
- 对癌症患者进行当前的临床研究和潜在的基于微生物组的干预措施进行审查.
- 评估肠道细菌,饮食,益生菌和便微生物群移植对ICI结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 对研究肠道微生物组与ICI治疗相关的临床前和临床研究的分析.
- 特定细菌丰度 (例如,鲁米诺可可科科,阿克尔曼西亚,双菌) 与临床结果的相关性.
- 评估微生物组调节策略,包括食纤维,益生菌和便微生物群移植.
主要成果:
- 在黑色素瘤,细胞癌 (RCC) 和非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 中,有利的临床结果与特定的肠道细菌相关.
- 高食纤维摄入量和某些益生菌显示出增强ICI疗效的潜力.
- 便微生物群移植在ICI耐药和以前未接受治疗的患者中显示出安全性和有效性.
结论:
- 微生物组调制为改善癌症免疫治疗提供了一个有希望的途径.
- 进一步的大规模,随机试验对于建立基于微生物组的策略作为标准瘤护理至关重要.
- 像TOPOSCORE这样的生物标志物可以帮助预测治疗反应和失生症.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
The Tumor Microenvironment
6.8K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.8K
Tumor Immunotherapy
664
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
664
Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics
349
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
349
Treatment Resistant Cancers
3.4K
Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
3.4K
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.8K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.8K
Drugs that Stabilize Microtubules
2.1K
Microtubules are dynamic structures that undergo cycles of catastrophe and rescue. The microtubules play a central role in cell division by forming the spindle apparatus for segregating the chromosomes. This makes them ideal targets for regulating dividing cells in tumors and malignant cancer cells. Microtubule stabilizing drugs help stabilize the microtubule formation and promote its polymerization. Paclitaxel was the first microtubule stabilizing agent used as anticancer drug in chemotherapy...
2.1K


