具有三级胺的可生物降解聚合物通过改善内体逃生来增强mRNA输送脂质纳米颗粒的性能
Feng Zhao1, Bruno Luppi2, Po-Han Chao1
1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Biomaterials
|July 11, 2025
概括
新型聚合物修饰脂质纳米粒子 (p-LNPs) 通过改善内体逃生和增加转基因表达来增强信使RNA (mRNA) 传递. 这些p-LNP没有表现出细胞毒性,并减少了炎症反应,在mRNA治疗中提供了有前途的进展.
科学领域:
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 纳米医学是一种纳米医学.
- 药物输送系统 药物输送系统
背景情况:
- 使者RNA (mRNA) 疗法为各种疾病提供了可扩展的治疗方法.
- 脂质纳米颗粒 (LNP) 是mRNA的有效输送载体,保护它并帮助细胞吸收.
- 标准的LNP表现出不良的内体细胞释放,限制了转染效率.
研究的目的:
- 为了提高mRNA载荷的LNP的内体释放和转染效率.
- 将具有三级氨基的pH敏感,可生物降解的聚合物纳入LNP.
- 为了研究质子海绵效应以改善mRNA输送.
主要方法:
- 开发了使用不同分子量和比例的聚合物开发的新型聚合物修饰LNP (p-LNP).
- 具有粒子大小,表面电荷和mRNA封装效率的p-LNP的特征.
- 评估了细胞吸收,内体逃逸,细胞毒性和体内转基因表达 (露西法酶mRNA).
- 在接受治疗的小鼠中测量了炎症性细胞因子水平 (IFN-gamma,IL1β,TNFα,IL6).
主要成果:
- p-LNP 保持了最佳粒子大小 (~80 nm),中性电荷和>90%的mRNA封装.
- 最佳的p-LNP显示了增加的pH缓冲能力.
- 与标准的LNP相比,细胞吸收增加了三倍,内体逃逸从20%提高到80%.
- 在1 mg/mL时没有观察到细胞毒性.
- 静脉注射最佳的p-LNP与 luciferase mRNA导致肝脏生物发光率增加了100倍.
- p-LNP没有提高关键的炎症性细胞因子.
结论:
- 将pH敏感聚合物纳入LNP有效地通过质子海绵效应增强mRNA传递.
- 开发的p-LNP显示了细胞吸收,内体逃生和体内传染效率的改善,没有毒性或炎症.
- 这些发现凸显了p-LNP作为基于mRNA的疗法的卓越传递系统的潜力.
相关概念视频
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
5.7K
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
5.7K
Nuclear Export of mRNA
7.9K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.9K


