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乳牛非哺乳期期间的葡萄球菌乳内感染的动态和影响

Daryna Kurban¹, Zhangbin Cai², Jean-Philippe Roy³

¹Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 8H5, Canada; Regroupement FRQNT Op+lait, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada; Mastitis Network, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 7C6, Canada.

Journal of dairy science

|July 11, 2025

概括

葡萄球菌乳内感染 (IMI) 在奶牛中很常见,更经常影响初哺乳期的奶牛. 一些IMI物种在干旱期持续存在,并在下一个哺乳期增加体细胞计数 (SCC),影响牛奶产量.

科学领域:

兽医医学兽医医学兽医医学
乳制品科学乳制品科学
细菌学细菌学是一门学科.

背景情况:

葡萄球菌物种是乳牛乳内感染 (IMI) 的主要原因之一.
IMI可以在包括干旱期在内的不同阶段获得,并且可能持续到分娩.
第一次哺乳奶牛在分娩时容易感染IMI,这会影响未来的牛奶产量.

研究的目的:

为了确定葡萄球菌的物种级 IMI 患病率在初生母牛的分娩时.
描述IMI在干燥前和分娩后的流行情况,以及多雌性母牛在干旱期间的发病率/持续性.
评估早期哺乳期葡萄球菌IMI对后续乳生产和体细胞计数 (SCC) 的影响.

主要方法:

在使用自动化奶制系统 (AMS) 的5个奶牛场进行了长度观察队列研究.
从不同阶段 (分娩,干燥,分娩后) 的奶牛中采集的牛奶样本,用于细菌培养和MALDI-TOF MS识别.
体细胞计数 (SCC) 测量为每两周一次,并从AMS数据中提取到305天的牛奶 (DIM) 中的四分之一牛奶产量.

主要成果:

与多母牛相比,第一次哺乳期的奶牛在分娩时表现出较高的葡萄球菌IMI流行率.
乳母牛中最常见的IMI是*Staphylococcus chromogenes*,显著增加了SCC,但没有影响牛奶生产.
几个葡萄球菌种 (*S. aureus*, *S. xylosus*, *S. chromogenes*, *S. simulans*, *S. epidermidis*, *S. haemolyticus*) 在干旱期间持续存在,同时也出现了新的感染.

结论:

葡萄球菌IMI,特别是*S.染色体*,在早期哺乳期影响乳健康 (SCC升高),特别是在初哺乳期的奶牛中.
某些葡萄球菌物种可以在干旱时期持续存在,从而对随后的哺乳期构成风险.
*S. aureus*和*S. epidermidis*产生的产后IMI与减少牛奶产量有关,而大多数非*aureus*葡萄球菌 (NAS) IMI主要增加了SCC.

关键词:

这种病原体是葡萄球菌.乳牛牛奶牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛牛发生率的发生率.乳腺内感染乳腺内感染持续性持久性患病率的流行情况.

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