过度活动-冲动性和注意力缺失症状形状与自杀企图的关联:一项为期18年的基于人口的队列研究
Michel Spodenkiewicz1,2,3, Ayla Inja1, Samuele Cortese4,5,6,7,8
1McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
BMJ mental health
|July 11, 2025
概括
儿童ADHD症状概况预测男性和女性的自杀企图风险不同. 持续高注意力不集中/过度活跃-冲动性女性的风险更高,而症状减弱的男性也有更高的风险.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 儿童注意力缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 与增加自杀企图风险有关.
- ADHD症状呈现异质,对自杀风险的性别特异性的理解有限.
- 调查ADHD症状概况和性别差异对于理解自杀风险至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查儿童ADHD症状概况和青少年自杀企图之间的纵向关联.
- 根据性别 (男性和女性) 单独区分这些协会.
- 为了确定与自杀风险增加相关的特定ADHD症状轨迹.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自三个大型,基于人口的纵向队列 (QLSCD,QLSKC,QNTS) 的数据,其中有4399名参与者在6-23岁之间进行了跟踪.
- 通过教师报告,在6-12岁之间五次评估过度活动-冲动和注意力缺失症状.
- 采用多路径建模来识别ADHD症状概况和回归分析,将概况与自我报告的自杀企图联系起来,控制共变量.
主要成果:
- 确定了四种不同的ADHD症状概况,与自杀企图的性别特定关联.
- 持续高注意力缺失和过度活跃-冲动性,或高注意力缺失/低过度活跃-冲动性的女性,自杀企图的几率明显更高.
- 随着时间的推移,过度活动-冲动性和注意力缺失症状下降的男性显示自杀企图的几率增加.
结论:
- 在ADHD中,自杀企图的风险因症状概况和性别而异.
- 患有高度注意力缺失症状的女性 (有或没有过度活动) 面临的风险最高.
- 患有ADHD症状下降的男性也表现出较高的自杀风险,突出了需要性别和个人特征具体干预的需要.
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