蛋白质对儿科生长和发育的生物学价值:叙述性审查
Marlene Fabiola Escobedo-Monge1,2,3, Joaquín Parodi-Román4, María Antonieta Escobedo-Monge5
1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valladolid, Avenida Ramón y Cajal, 7, 47003 Valladolid, Spain.
Nutrients
|July 12, 2025
概括
个性化营养需要适应儿童和青少年的蛋白质摄入量,平衡生长需求与缺乏或过量的风险. 确保足够的必需氨基酸和微量营养素对于健康的发育至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童营养学 儿童营养学
- 饮食蛋白质的生物可用性
- 生命周期营养 生命周期营养
背景情况:
- 个性化的营养指南必须考虑整个生命周期的个体生理和发育需求,特别是儿童和青少年.
- 生命早期的因素,包括怀孕,影响长期的健康和营养需求.
- 蛋白质摄入对于儿科的身体和认知发育至关重要,但过量的蛋白质会给健康带来风险.
研究的目的:
- 审查近期 (2020-2025) 关于不同蛋白质来源对儿科生长的生物价值的证据.
- 分析动物蛋白 (ABP) 与植物蛋白 (PBP) 在儿童营养中的影响.
- 突出在儿科饮食中确保足够的蛋白质和微量营养素摄入的战略.
主要方法:
- 对2020年至2025年间发表的科学文献进行叙述性审查.
- 综合关于蛋白质来源消化能力和氨基酸概况的证据.
- 分析与蛋白质摄入相关的儿科生长,发育和长期健康结果.
主要成果:
- 足够的蛋白质支持19岁以下个体的基本身体和认知发展.
- 过度摄入蛋白质可能会加速生长,增加超重和肥胖的风险.
- 植物性蛋白质 (PBPs) 与动物性蛋白质 (ABPs) 相比,由于消化能力较低和氨基酸样本不完整,在脆弱的儿科群体中存在较高的营养缺乏风险.
结论:
- 营养策略必须确保儿童足够的必需氨基酸供应和微量营养素补充,无论蛋白质来源 (ABP,PBP或混合).
- 蛋白质摄入量必须适合年龄,性别和健康状况,考虑到个人的情况.
- 在儿童个性化营养中,平衡营养充足度与长期健康和可持续性目标至关重要.
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