转移性癌症中免疫治疗相关的功能障碍:瘤瘤学中的新兴挑战
Francesco Trevisani1, Andrea Angioi2, Michele Ghidini3
1URI-Urological Research Institute, Department of Urology, Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Cancers
|July 12, 2025
概括
急性病 (AKD) 是接受免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 的患者常见的并发症. 早期识别高风险患者对于在癌症免疫治疗期间管理脏健康至关重要.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 在转移性癌症治疗中至关重要,但存在毒风险.
- 认可急性损伤 (AKI),但亚急性阶段,急性病 (AKD),在ICI治疗中没有得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 在接受免疫检查点抑制剂 (ICI) 治疗的患者中调查急性病 (AKD) 的发生率和预测因素.
- 描述该患者群体中与AKD相关的临床过程和风险因素.
主要方法:
- 对226名接受ICI治疗的成年患者进行了回顾性队列研究.
- 基于2024年病的AKD诊断:改善全球结果 (KDIGO) 标准.
- 多变量逻辑回归确定了AKD预测因素.
主要成果:
- 在ICI开始后90天内,AKD发生在20.4%的患者中.
- 较高的身体表面积和基线NSAID使用是独立的AKD预测因素 (OR 8.17,OR 29.74).
- 一个预测模型证明了良好的歧视 (AUC 0.778).
结论:
- 急性病 (AKD) 是ICI的常见,未被认可的并发症.
- 识别高风险患者和实施脏监测可以提高安全性和治疗.
- AKD对功能和癌症治疗结果都有影响.
相关概念视频
01:16Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management
83
Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
83
01:30Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
58
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
58
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
664
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
664
01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
164
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
164
01:24Nephrotic Syndrome I : Introduction
31
Nephrotic Syndrome is a chronic kidney disorder defined by clinical findings such as severe proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. These symptoms result from damage to the glomeruli, the kidney’s filtering units, increasing their permeability to proteins.Definition and Meaning:Proteinuria, defined as the loss of more than 3.5 grams of protein per day in adults, is a crucial feature of nephrotic syndrome. This condition is often accompanied by edema, the accumulation of...
31
01:26Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure
77
Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living...
77