多发性骨髓瘤的挑战,困难和延迟诊断
Tugba Zorlu1, Merve Apaydin Kayer1, Nazik Okumus1
1Department of Hematology & Apheresis Unit, Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara 06200, Türkiye.
由于非特异性症状和系统因素,多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 的延迟诊断很常见. 早期检测需要提高意识,诊断工具和综合护理方法,以获得更好的患者结果.
科学领域:
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
背景情况:
- 多发性骨髓瘤 (MM) 是一种复杂的血细胞癌,具有模糊的症状,如骨疼痛和贫血,通常被误认为是良性疾病.
- 这种诊断模两可导致显著的延迟,可能导致不可逆转的器官损伤和增加患者的发病率.
- 及时诊断对于有效管理和预防严重并发症至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查导致多发性骨髓瘤诊断延迟的因素.
- 分析延迟诊断对患者结果和疾病进展的影响.
- 探索早期检测MM的新兴技术和战略.
主要方法:
- 文献审查侧重于医生/系统因素,诊断过程和医疗保健准入.
- 实验室和成像数据解释挑战的分析.
- 探索新的诊断方法,包括人工智能和生物标志物.
主要成果:
- 延迟诊断往往导致疾病晚期,危及生命的并发症和减少无进展的生存期.
- 在血液学转诊之前,患者经常咨询多名医生,这表明对MM红旗的初级保健意识不足.
- 诊断测试的访问有限,前体状况 (MGUS/SMM) 的监测不一致,部门间协调不良,阻碍了及时诊断.
结论:
- 多模式策略对于早期诊断多发性骨髓瘤至关重要.
- 教育举措,标准化诊断算法,人工智能,大数据分析和新型生物标志物可以提高早期检测.
- 针对癌前MGUS阶段的基因组方法提供了未来的诊断潜力.
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