在环境变化下使用增强机器学习算法提高LoRaWAN性能
Maram A Alkhayyal1, Almetwally M Mostafa1
1Department of Information Systems, College of Computers and Information Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 12, 2025
概括
通过考虑环境因素,可以提高对远程广域网 (LoRaWAN) 的准确路径损失预测. 增强机器学习模型,特别是LightGBM,在动态条件下表现出卓越的性能.
科学领域:
- 无线通信无线通信
- 机器学习 机器学习
- 环境传感器环境传感器
背景情况:
- 路径损失预测对于远程广域网 (LoRaWAN) 优化至关重要.
- 现有的机器学习 (ML) 模型往往忽略了动态环境因素,如温度,湿度,压力和颗粒物.
研究的目的:
- 为了评估五个增强ML模型 (AdaBoost,XGBoost,LightGBM,GentleBoost,LogitBoost) 在不同的环境条件下对LoRaWAN路径损失预测的性能.
- 将这些模型与理论方法和以前的研究进行比较,使用RMSE,MAE和R2.2等指标.
- 分析模型准确性和计算复杂性之间的权衡 (训练时间,推理延迟,模型大小,能源消耗).
主要方法:
- 实施和评估了五种促进ML算法:AdaBoost,XGBoost,LightGBM,GentleBoost和LogitBoost. 这些算法包括:
- 与Log-Distance和Okumura-Hata理论模型进行比较.
- 使用贝叶斯优化进行超参数调整.
- 使用根平均平方误差 (RMSE),平均绝对误差 (MAE) 和R2.2进行性能评估.
- 计算复杂性分析包括训练时间,推断延迟,模型大小和能源消耗.
主要成果:
- 在所有评估模型中,气压被确定为影响路径损失的最重要的环境因素.
- 轻GBM表现出卓越的性能,实现了最低的RMSE (0.5166) 和最高的R2 (0.7151).
- 轻GBM提供了预测准确性和计算效率之间的最佳平衡.
结论:
- 增强算法,特别是LightGBM,对于在LoRaWAN环境中准确预测路径损失非常有效,即使在动态环境条件下也是如此.
- 结合气压等环境因素,可以显著提高预测的准确性.
- 轻GBM为高效准确的LoRaWAN路径损失建模提供了一个引人注目的解决方案.
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