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基于自编码器的自适应式入侵检测系统,为CAN网络提供单一门
Donghyeon Kim1, Hyungchul Im1, Seongsoo Lee1
1Department of Intelligent Semiconductors, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 12, 2025
概括
本研究引入了一种轻量级,无监督的入侵检测系统 (IDS),用于控制器区域网络 (CAN) 总线安全. 新型自动编码器模型有效地检测各种CAN攻击实时高精度.
科学领域:
- 网络安全 网络安全
- 汽车工程 汽车工程
- 网络安全 网络安全
背景情况:
- 控制器区域网络 (CAN) 协议对于车载通信至关重要,但缺乏固有的安全性,使其易受攻击.
- 对于CAN网络而言,现有的入侵检测系统 (IDS) 往往是复杂的,并且未经优化,无法实时在设备上实现.
- 需要强大高效的安全解决方案来保护现代汽车免受网络威胁.
研究的目的:
- 为CAN网络提供一种新,轻量级,无监督的IDS,适合实时,在设备上部署.
- 开发基于正常CAN数据的基于自编码器的模型,以进行有效的攻击检测.
- 为了优化系统在现场可编程网关数组 (FPGA) 上硬件实现.
主要方法:
- 一个自动编码模型仅在正常的CAN流量数据上进行训练.
- 用高斯核密度估计和错误率分析来确定最佳检测值和数.
- 该模型在FPGA上使用未见的攻击数据进行验证,并为所有攻击类型采用单一的检测值.
主要成果:
- 拟议的IDS实现了高性能指标:平均准确率为99.2%,精度为99.2%,回忆率为99.1%,F1得分为99.2%.
- 该系统有效地检测了四种不同类型的攻击,这些攻击在训练期间没有遇到.
- 与现有的基于FPGA的IDS相比,硬件资源利用率 (LUT,翻页机) 和功耗大幅降低.
结论:
- 开发的轻量级无监督IDS为实时保护CAN网络提供了高度准确和高效的解决方案.
- FPGA的实施提供了一种实用且资源高效的方法,用于车辆中的设备入侵检测.
- 该系统能够通过单一的模型和值来检测多种攻击,这突显了它的稳定性和适应性.
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