基于叙述的健康错误信息纠正的有效性和决定因素:系统审查
Tsuyoshi Okuhara1, Hiroko Okada1, Rie Yokota2
1Department of Health Communication, School of Public Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Patient education and counseling
|July 12, 2025
概括
叙事干预可以帮助纠正健康错误信息,但它们的有效性各不相同. 消息设计,来源可信度和受众特征影响成功,并可能产生反弹效应.
科学领域:
- 卫生沟通健康沟通
- 行为科学 行为科学
- 信息科学 信息科学 信息科学
背景情况:
- 与健康相关的错误信息构成了重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 基于叙事的干预越来越多地被探索为打击错误信息的战略.
- 现有的研究对叙事纠正的有效性提出了不同的结论.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查基于叙事的干预措施在纠正健康错误信息方面的有效性.
- 识别影响叙事纠正成功的因素,包括消息,发送者和接收者的特征.
主要方法:
- 在多个科学数据库中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 包括的研究是定量干预研究,检查叙事纠正对健康错误信息的影响.
- 分析了20项关于COVID-19,疫苗接种和烟草使用等主题的研究.
主要成果:
- 与非叙事方法相比,叙事纠正在减少错误信息信念方面显示出不一致的有效性.
- 关键的影响因素包括信息元素 (情感语言,社交框架),发送者属性 (可信度,亲密性) 和接收者特征 (认知风格,意识形态).
- 一些研究报告了意外的反弹效应,其中叙述加强了错误信息.
结论:
- 基于叙事的纠正具有潜力,但需要理论上的设计和对影响因素的仔细考虑才能产生最佳影响.
- 叙事设计,媒体平台和理论基础的变化导致了不一致的结果.
- 未来的研究应该通过检查调节因素和采用已建立的沟通理论来优化叙事策略.
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