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相关概念视频

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

3.1K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.1K
pre-mRNA Processing02:01

pre-mRNA Processing

53.6K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
53.6K
Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

9.9K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
9.9K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

1.0K
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
1.0K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

7.2K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.2K
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

17.0K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
17.0K

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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells
06:48

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells

Published on: June 16, 2022

2.1K

前体微RNA-20a内的结构特征调节了Dicer-TRBP处理的过程.

Yaping Liu1, Cade T Harkner2, Megan N Westwood1

  • 1Biophysics Program, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|July 14, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

微RNA (miRNA) 处理由像环和前体miR-20a中的特定核酸膨胀等结构元素调节. 这些特征控制了酶处理,并受到与疾病相关的遗传变异的影响.

关键词:
这就是说,Dicer.核磁共振光谱法 (NMR) 是一种光谱法.结构 RNA 结构 RNA 结构萨克斯 (SAXS) 的时间这是一个微型RNA.

更多相关视频

Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

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MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
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MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Sep 15, 2025

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells
06:48

A Reporter Assay to Analyze Intronic microRNA Maturation in Mammalian Cells

Published on: June 16, 2022

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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome
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Describing a Transcription Factor Dependent Regulation of the MicroRNA Transcriptome

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MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism
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MicroRNA-based Regulation of Picornavirus Tropism

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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.

背景情况:

  • 微RNA (miRNA) 是基因表达的关键调节者,它们的精确处理对细胞功能至关重要.
  • 调控miRNA生物发生的分子机制,特别是前体miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) 的处理,尚未完全阐明.
  • 前-miR-20a是oncomiR-1集群的组成部分,是一种致癌的miRNA,与疾病有关.

研究的目的:

  • 确定pre-miR-20a的溶液结构,了解其处理规则.
  • 为了确定影响其酶成熟的pre-miR-20a的结构特征.
  • 调查与疾病相关的单核酸多态性对miR-20a前处理的影响.

主要方法:

  • 核磁共振 (NMR) 光谱法以确定前miR-20a的溶液结构.
  • 小角度X射线散射 (SAXS) 作为结构分析的补充.
  • 对前-miR-20a结构及其与加工酶的相互作用 (Dicer-TRBP) 的分析.

主要成果:

  • 预先miR-20a的溶液结构揭示了灵活的顶环和Dicer-TRBP裂变部位附近的单核突.
  • 在圆顶环中的替代形状被确定为Dicer-TRBP处理的关键自我调节元素.
  • 在-5位置的单核酸凸起对于高效的miR-20a前处理至关重要.
  • 与疾病相关的单核酸多态 (SNP) 破坏了离裂点附近的结构,导致处理效率降低.

结论:

  • 在pre-miR-20a的尖端环内,暂时的RNA构造自我调节其成熟.
  • 特定的结构特征,包括核酸膨胀,对于高效的miRNA处理至关重要.
  • 对miR-20a前的结构洞察力为了解oncomiR调控和与疾病相关的遗传变异提供了基础.