微质中的艾滋病毒感染导致衰老,触发神经毒性通路的激活
Sara J Mason1, Sheetal Sreeram1, Farshad Niazi1
1Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, 44106, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|July 14, 2025
概括
艾滋病毒感染通过诱导小质细胞的细胞衰老来加速大脑衰老,反映自然衰老过程. 这一发现为艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND) 提供了新的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 老年学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 尽管接受抗逆转录病毒治疗,但与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍 (HAND) 仍然存在,导致大脑过早衰老.
- 微质细胞是大脑中HIV的主要储存体,在神经炎症和认知衰退中起着至关重要的作用.
- 了解将艾滋病毒感染与大脑衰老联系起来的分子机制,对于开发有效的治疗方法至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究HIV感染和微质中的正常衰老之间的转录组相互作用.
- 确定艾滋病毒感染是否诱导微质细胞衰老,并将其与与衰老相关的衰老进行比较.
- 通过检查与衰老相关的途径来确定HAND的潜在治疗点.
主要方法:
- 从健康的老龄化人类和艾滋病毒感染者身上获得的微质细胞的比较转录组分析 (单细胞和批量).ex vivo和in vivo模型.
- 分析关键的分子通路,包括p53,炎症,增殖和mTOR信号.
- 评估活跃感染艾滋病毒和旁观者微质细胞的衰老模式.
主要成果:
- 微质细胞中的艾滋病毒感染会诱导细胞衰老的转录基因模式,这种模式非常类似于正常的衰老.
- 艾滋病毒感染者和旁观者微都表现出这种衰老特征.
- 共同的特征包括p53通路激活,炎症基因表达增加,增殖基因表达减少,并保持mTOR信号传递.
结论:
- 艾滋病毒感染通过微质诱导的细胞衰老加速大脑衰老,提供了与手的机械联系.
- 微质中的细胞衰老途径代表了缓解HAND和早发大脑衰老的有希望的治疗点.
- 针对衰老途径可能为患有艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍的患者提供新的治疗策略.
相关概念视频
Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology
Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...
Alzheimer Disease ll: Pathophysiology
Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...


