对自闭症儿童及其家长的基于正念干预措施的有效性:系统性审查和元分析
Qiyan Peng1, Yujie Dong1, Jie Jin1
1Department of Nursing, Leshan Vocational and Technical College, Leshan, China.
Frontiers in psychology
|July 14, 2025
概括
基于正念的干预措施 (MBI) 有效地减少了自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的家庭中父母的压力和焦虑. 此外,MBI还可以提高ASD儿童的社会反应能力,尽管对行为和弹性的影响尚不清楚.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 行为心理学 行为心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 为儿童及其家人带来了独特的挑战.
- 父母的压力和焦虑是ASD照顾的重要问题.
- 基于正念的干预措施 (MBI) 在解决心理健康和行为结果方面表现有前途.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估MBI对ASD儿童及其父母的疗效.
- 综合来自MBI有效性的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的证据.
- 评估MBI对父母幸福感和儿童在ASD中的结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 在主要数据库 (PubMed,Embase等) 进行了全面的文献搜索. 在2024年12月之前.
- 12个涉及643名参与者的RCT被纳入了元分析.
- 标准化平均差异 (SMD) 和95%的置信区间 (CI) 用于数据合成.
主要成果:
- 实验结果显著减少了父母的压力 (SMD=-0.69,p=0.04) 和焦虑/抑郁 (SMD=-0.57,p=0.03).
- 用MBI显著改善了父母的正念意识 (SMD=3.08,p=0.03).
- 患有自闭症的儿童表现出更好的社会反应能力 (SMD=-0.35,p=0.03),但MBI并没有显著影响有问题的行为或情感困难.
结论:
- 在降低家长的压力和提高有自闭症儿童的家长的正念,MBI是有效的.
- MBIs对ASD儿童的社会反应有积极的影响.
- 对MBI对儿童行为挑战和家长恢复力的影响需要进一步调查.
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