间歇性禁食对微量营养素摄入量的影响
Sabina Wallerer1, Lukas Schwingshackl
1Institute for Evidence in Medicine, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care
|July 14, 2025
概括
间歇性禁食,包括交替禁食 (ADF) 和时间限制饮食 (TRE),可能会减少必需微量营养素的摄入量. 在饮食期间优先考虑营养丰富的食物对于维持充足的营养至关重要.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 代谢健康 代谢健康
- 饮食干预 饮食干预
背景情况:
- 间歇性禁食 (IF) 方法,如交替禁食 (ADF) 和时间限制的饮食 (TRE) 对于体重管理很受欢迎.
- 人们对IF对微量营养素摄入量和整体营养状况的影响存在担忧.
- 了解这些影响对于公共卫生建议和个人饮食计划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查和综合目前关于ADF和TRE对成年人微量营养素摄入的影响的科学证据.
- 为了确定可能受到间歇性禁食方案影响的特定微量营养素.
- 评估影响IF期间微量营养素充足性的因素.
主要方法:
- 随机对照试验和观察性研究的叙述性综述.
- 分析了参加ADF和TRE的参与者报告的微量营养素摄入数据.
- 在IF和持续能量限制 (CER) 之间微量营养素充足度的比较,如果可用.
主要成果:
- 多项研究表明,ADF和TRE减少了关键微量营养素 (例如,,,叶酸,维生素C,维生素B) 的摄入量.
- 较低的总能量摄入量和在禁食日减少营养丰富食品的消费是缺乏的主要驱动因素.
- 关于微量营养素充足性的研究结果各不相同,一些研究表明IF与CER相比存在更高的缺陷风险,而另一些研究报告没有显著差异.
结论:
- 虽然间歇性禁食对体重管理有效,但如果不强调饮食质量,则可能会损害微量营养素的摄入量.
- 在指定的食用窗口内优先考虑营养丰富的食物对于减轻缺乏症风险至关重要.
- 限制性或长期IF疗法的人可能需要食补充剂,以确保足够的微量营养素状态并支持代谢健康.
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