独特的乳酸利用策略驱动了在肠微生物群中的两个共存的Megasphaera物种之间的利基差异化
Cameron R Strachan1,2, Connor M Bowers3, Byung-Chul Kim3
1Centre for Food Science and Veterinary Public Health, Clinical Department for Farm Animals and Food System Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Veterinärplatz 1, Vienna 1210, Austria.
The ISME journal
|July 14, 2025
概括
两个关键的肠微生物,Megasphaera hexanoica和Megasphaera elsdenii,以不同的方式使用乳酸,使它们能够共存并支持小牛肠的发育. 它们的独特策略对于减轻乳头酸性化和减少甲生产至关重要.
科学领域:
- 流体微生物学 流体微生物学
- 代谢生物化学 代谢生物化学
- 动物营养动物营养
背景情况:
- 乳酸盐在皮中的利用对于预防酸性疾病和减少甲排放至关重要.
- 对于乳酸代谢存在明显的微生物途径,但它们的分化仍然不太清楚.
- 麦加斯菲拉 (Megasphaera hexanoica) 和麦加斯菲拉 (Megasphaera elsdenii) 是乳酸利用的关键物种,它们存在于小牛皮,特别是小牛皮中.
研究的目的:
- 为了阐明Megasphaera hexanoica和Megasphaera elsdenii在乳酸利用中的不同代谢策略.
- 了解这些独特的策略如何促进它们的共存和生态作用在发展中.
- 确定影响巨类物种乳酸利用的因素,以及对小牛健康的影响.
主要方法:
- 发酵的最终产品和生长策略的比较分析.
- 酶成本最小化建模的应用,以预测代谢途径.
- 分析生长动力学,代谢流量和生物反应器模拟.
- 研究料相关毒素对乳酸利用量的影响.
主要成果:
- 六菌通过反向β氧化利用乳酸产生酸盐和中链脂肪酸,有利于高产战略.
- 埃尔斯德尼菌在乳酸利用过程中采用了烯酸盐路径,产生酸盐,并在短暂的乳酸积累过程中优化生长速度.
- 这些对比的策略促进了两种物种的共存和利基区分.
- 与料相关的毒素可能会对Megasphaera物种的乳酸利用产生负面影响.
结论:
- 独特的代谢途径和生长策略使M. hexanoica和M. elsdenii的共存成为可能,在早期的发育中发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 观察到的产量与乳酸利用增长率之间的权衡有助于利基差异化.
- 了解这些微生物动态为改善小牛健康和小牛皮功能的饮食干预提供了洞察力.
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