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在有或没有阿尔茨海默氏病的成年人中,睡眠,细胞亚型和认知能力下降
Mahnoor Hamid1,2, Trishna Saha Detroja1,2, Shreejoy J Tripathy2,3,4,5
1Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M4N 3M5.
Brain : a journal of neurology
|July 14, 2025
概括
老年人睡眠碎片化与增加M-pericyte基因表达,一种血管细胞类型,以及加速认知衰退有关. 这表明M-pericytes可能会调解睡眠不足和痴呆风险之间的关系.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 血管生物学 血管生物学
背景情况:
- 睡眠碎片化在老年人中普遍存在,并与认知障碍,痴呆症和脑血管病理有关.
- 细胞,关键的血管细胞,涉及到血脑屏障的完整性,可能在认知衰退中发挥作用.
- 已经确定了两种细胞亚型,M-细胞和T-细胞,但它们在人类睡眠和认知中的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究这样的假设,大脑细胞周围细胞亚种群的差异将睡眠碎片化与老年人的认知能力下降联系起来.
- 使用单核RNA测序 (snRNAseq) 数据识别M-和T-pericytes的特定标记基因.
- 为了检查皮质细胞标记基因表达,睡眠碎片化和纵向人类队列中的认知轨迹之间的关联.
主要方法:
- 利用snRNAseq数据集来识别M-和T-pericyte标记基因.
- 在死后的背侧前额皮质 (n=1092) 和侧轨道前额皮质 (n=495) 中量化标志性基因表达,来自宗教秩序研究和急性记忆和衰老项目.
- 分析了使用多变量线性回归的死前睡眠碎片化 (手腕动图,n=572) 和全球认知功能轨迹.
主要成果:
- 在背侧前额皮质中,更大的睡眠碎片化与更高的M-pericyte标记物基因表达相关 (P=0.024) 但不是T-pericyte标记物.
- 脊侧前额叶皮质M-pericyte基因表达与更快的认知衰退有关 (P=0.014).
- 在侧面轨道前皮层中发现了类似的关联,睡眠碎片化与M-pericyte表达 (P=0.02) 和随后的认知衰退 (P=0.0044) 相关.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,M-pericytes在将睡眠碎片化与老年人的认知轨迹联系起来方面发挥着作用.
- 突出了血管机制,特别是细胞周细胞功能在睡眠障碍和痴呆症之间的联系中的重要性.
- 确定了一种潜在的生物途径,通过这种途径,睡眠不足可能会导致老年人群的认知障碍和痴呆症.
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