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Language Development01:22

Language Development

455
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
455
Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

408
Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
408
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

450
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
450
Encoding01:19

Encoding

256
Information enters the brain through encoding, which is the input of information into the memory system. Once sensory information is received from the environment, the brain labels or codes it. The information is then organized with similar information and connected to existing concepts. Encoding occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing.
Automatic processing involves the encoding of details like time, space, frequency, and the meaning of words, usually done without conscious...
256
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

162
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
162
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

1.0K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
06:33

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

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解码器在RAN对象中效率低于使用词汇处理的儿童.

Margot Fromont1, Jolijn Vanderauwera1, Marie Van Reybroeck1

  • 1Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.

Developmental neuropsychology
|July 14, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

快速自动化命名 (RAN) 涉及到读取路线. 依赖语音解码的儿童显示较低的RAN对象分数,这表明对象命名和阅读过程之间存在联系.

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An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
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Examining Online Syntactic Processing of Spoken Complex Sentences in Chinese Using Dual-Modal Interference Tasks
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Last Updated: Sep 15, 2025

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
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An Experimental Paradigm for Measuring the Effects of Ageing on Sentence Processing
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科学领域:

  • 认知心理学 认知心理学
  • 发展心理学 发展心理学
  • 教育心理学教育心理学

背景情况:

  • 快速自动化命名 (RAN) 是已知的阅读能力的预测指标.
  • RAN与不同的阅读路径 (音声解码与词汇处理) 之间的具体关系尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

  • 调查RAN与不同阅读过程之间的关联.
  • 根据孩子的初级阅读策略来确定RAN表现是否不同.

主要方法:

  • 一百二十六名儿童 (平均年龄8.89岁) 进行了评估.
  • 根据不规则的文字阅读表现,参与者被分为语音解码和词汇处理组.
  • 管理涉及对象和其他矩阵的RAN任务.

主要成果:

  • 与词汇处理组相比,语音解码组在RAN对象上得分明显较低.
  • 在其他RAN矩阵上的组之间没有发现显著差异.
  • 相关性表明RAN对象和不规则的词读取之间的联系比伪词读取更强.

结论:

  • RAN对象可能与词汇阅读路线更密切相关.
  • 研究结果表明,特定的RAN组件与阅读过程有差异性关系.