2012年至2022年吉尔吉斯斯坦艾滋病毒/艾滋病病例的趋势:一项生态研究
Iana Kirillova1, Nimetcan Mehmet Orhun2
1Public Health Department, Health Science Institute, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Türkiye.
HIV medicine
|July 15, 2025
概括
2012年至2022年间,吉尔吉斯斯坦的艾滋病毒发病率大幅上升,特别是在女性和与男性发生性关系 (MSM) 的男性中. 虽然通过注射药物传播减少,但异性传播变得越来越普遍.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病的动态传染病的动态.
背景情况:
- 艾滋病毒/艾滋病对全球健康造成了巨大的负担,影响了全球的医疗保健系统和人口.
- 吉尔吉斯斯坦在管理艾滋病毒/艾滋病对其人口的影响方面面临重大挑战.
- 了解不断变化的艾滋病毒传播模式对于有效的公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 分析吉尔吉斯斯坦10年 (2012-2022) 艾滋病毒传播模式的变化.
- 在吉尔吉斯斯坦人口中发现艾滋病毒感染的主要方式的变化.
- 评估艾滋病毒发病率和同时感染的趋势.
主要方法:
- 使用回顾性数据收集的生态研究设计.
- 从2012年到2022年在吉尔吉斯斯坦所有地区诊断的艾滋病毒病例的定量分析.
- 评估艾滋病毒传播方式,包括异性接触,与男性发生性关系的男性 (MSM) 和注射药物使用,以及同时感染 (HIV+HBV,HIV+HCV).
主要成果:
- 艾滋病毒发病率从每10万人口中的8.36增加到14.56 (2013-2022),女性的发病率显著增加.
- 异性传播从71.7% (2020) 增加到81.9% (2022);MSM传播病例从40 (2020) 增加到75 (2022).
- 在注射毒品的人群中传播显著下降 (2017-2022年);观察到的垂直传播,医疗程序和并发感染的减少.
结论:
- 吉尔吉斯斯坦的艾滋病毒发病率在2012年至2022年期间显著增加,特别是在年轻成人年龄组 (18-39岁) 和女性中.
- 艾滋病毒传播模式发生了明显的转变,注射药物使用相关病例减少.
- 与男性发生性关系的男性 (MSM) 和普通人群中艾滋病毒传播增加的趋势正在出现.
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