相关实验视频
Updated: Sep 15, 2025

07:10
Taste Exam: A Brief and Validated Test
Published on: August 17, 2018
16.6K
在TAS2R38苦味受体中的功能变异与食后血糖相关
Julie E Gervis1,2,3, Kenneth E Westerman2,3,4, Joanne B Cole5
1Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|July 15, 2025
概括
在TAS2R38苦味受体中的遗传变异与较低的食后葡萄糖水平有关. 这表明TAS2R38影响葡萄糖调节,可能是预防糖尿病的目标.
科学领域:
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 代谢过程中的代谢.
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
背景情况:
- 苦味受体基因TAS2R38中的功能变异影响味觉,并影响与葡萄糖平衡相关的行为.
- 实验数据表明TAS2R38通过GLP-1分泌在食后葡萄糖调节中的作用,但人类数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 调查TAS2R38功能变体与人类食后葡萄糖水平之间的关联.
- 为了确定TAS2R38对葡萄糖的影响是否独立于饮食和生活方式因素.
主要方法:
- 对没有2型糖尿病的英国生物库参与者 (n=218,688) 的分析,按TAS2R38双类型分类 (非品尝者,品尝者,超品尝者).
- 线性模型评估了TAS2R38双型体和整个禁食和食后状态的葡萄糖水平之间的关联.
- 负对照使用TAS2R14和TAS2R19的变体来评估特异性.
主要成果:
- 较高的TAS2R38敏感性 (PAV单元型) 与较低的随机葡萄糖水平相关 (β = -0.07).
- 特别是在0-2小时的食后窗口中观察到显著的关联 (Beta = -0.24每个PAV单元型).
- 这些发现在GWAS元分析中得到复制,并且在调整行为因素后仍然具有意义.
结论:
- TAS2R38的功能变异与人类的食后葡萄糖水平降低有关.
- 这些结果支持TAS2R38在调节食后血糖的作用.
- TAS2R38成为2型糖尿病预防和管理的潜在治疗点.
相关概念视频
The Physiology of Taste
4.3K
The perception of a salty flavor is facilitated by sodium ions within the oral salivary fluid. Upon consumption of a salty substance, salt crystals disassemble, leading to the liberation of its constituents—Na+ and Cl- ions. These ions subsequently dissolve into the salivary fluid present in the oral cavity. The external environment of the gustatory cells experiences an elevation in Na+ concentration, thereby establishing a potent concentration gradient. This gradient propels the...
4.3K
Gustation
48.9K
Gustation is a chemical sense that, along with olfaction (smell), contributes to our perception of taste. It starts with the activation of receptors by chemical compounds (tastants) dissolved in the saliva. The saliva and filiform papillae on the tongue distribute the tastants and increase their exposure to the taste receptors.
48.9K
Taste Buds and Receptors
2.8K
Gustation, or the sense of taste, is intrinsically linked to the anatomical structures located on the tongue. This organ's surface, along with the entirety of the oral cavity, is adorned with stratified squamous epithelium. Evident on the tongue are elevated structures known as papillae (singular = papilla), which house the mechanisms for the transduction of gustatory stimuli. Four distinct types of papillae exist, each identified by their unique morphological attributes: the circumvallate,...
2.8K
Glucose Transporters
24.2K
Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
24.2K
Conditioned Taste Aversion
235
Conditioned taste aversion, also known as sauce béarnaise syndrome, is a phenomenon in which an individual develops an aversion to a certain food taste following a negative experience, typically illness. This form of aversion is a type of classical conditioning in which the taste of the food (conditioned stimulus, CS) is associated with the experience of illness (unconditioned stimulus, UCS).
A notable characteristic of conditioned taste aversion is that it often requires only a single...
A notable characteristic of conditioned taste aversion is that it often requires only a single...
235
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists
424
Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by...
424

