单细胞转录组学为压力-免疫相互作用提供了洞察力,并告知了疾病风险
Sofia Benavides1,2, Oksana Kosyk1, Lillian Carpenter1
1Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|July 15, 2025
概括
环境压力通过免疫失调影响健康. 这项研究揭示了皮质醇和上腺素如何在单细胞水平上影响免疫细胞,识别了与压力相关疾病相关的特征.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 内分泌学 在内分泌学.
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
背景情况:
- 环境压力导致免疫功能失调,导致诸如心血管疾病,精神疾病和自身免疫性疾病等疾病.
- 压力激素对免疫系统作用的精确单细胞和细胞类型特异性机制尚不清楚.
- 关键的应激反应途径涉及下丘脑-垂体-上腺和交上腺轴,释放皮质醇和上腺素.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究免疫细胞对皮质醇和上腺素的生理水平的转录组反应.
- 识别新的压力激素依赖性和细胞类型特定的分子特征.
- 为了确定这些签名是否可以在人类队伍中区分与压力相关的疾病.
主要方法:
- 使用了原生外体模型与主要外周血液单核细胞和中性粒细胞.
- 应用单细胞转录组分析来评估对皮质醇和北上腺素的反应.
- 在两个独立的人类队伍中验证了已识别的基因特征.
主要成果:
- 在特定的免疫细胞类型 (包括单细胞/巨细胞和中性粒细胞) 中发现了独特的压力激素依赖的转录基因变化.
- 发现了由压力激素调节的细胞类型特定的与炎症相关的基因特征.
- 证明单细胞衍生的特征有效地在人类群体中区分了与压力相关的疾病.
结论:
- 压力激素皮质醇和上腺素诱导免疫细胞在单细胞水平上明显的转录基因变化.
- 这些特定于细胞类型的特征提供了关于潜在的与压力相关疾病的免疫失调的见解.
- 这些发现强调了细胞类型特定方法对理解压力诱导的免疫调节的重要性.
相关概念视频
01:24Physiological Foundation of Stress
162
Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
162
01:21Stress Response System
206
The stress response system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, is the body's automatic physiological reaction to perceived threats. Hans Selye introduced the concept of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to describe the predictable pattern of changes that occur in response to stress. GAS consists of three sequential stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This model helps explain how chronic stress can contribute to health problems.
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's...
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's...
206
01:19Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer
65
Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
65
01:30Other Stress Responses in Bacteria
70
Bacteria have global regulatory systems that control several types of stress mechanisms. These include Pho regulon and the heat shock response, which are essential systems for environmental adaptation, such as nutrient limitation and proteotoxic stress. The Pho regulon and the heat shock response exemplify bacterial resilience, enabling rapid adaptation to fluctuating environmental conditions.Pho RegulonBacteria require phosphorus for essential cellular processes, including nucleic acid...
70
01:27Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
79
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
79
01:04Applications of Stress
406
Consider a structure made of a boom and a rod designed to support a load. These two components are connected by a pin and stabilized by brackets and pins. The boom and the rod are detached from their supports to assess the different stresses imposed on this structure, and a free-body diagram is drawn. Then, all the forces applied, including the load acting on the structure, are identified. The reaction forces exerted on both the boom and the rod are computed using the equilibrium equations.
The...
The...
406