工作场所的性别组成和由于精神障碍而长期的病缺:一项回顾性队列研究
Shohei Okura1, Shinichi Iwasaki1, Yasuhiko Deguchi1
1Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University Osaka Japan.
PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
|July 15, 2025
概括
工作场所的性别构成影响长期病缺 (LTSA) 精神疾病的风险. 男性主导的环境增加了严重抑郁症的风险,而女性主导的环境增加了适应障碍的风险.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 心理健康研究 心理健康研究
- 劳动社会学工作的社会学.
背景情况:
- 由于精神疾病而导致的长期病假 (LTSA) 是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
- 工作场所性别构成对心理健康结果和LTSA的影响尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查工作场所性别构成与由于常见精神障碍而导致的LTSA风险之间的联系.
- 检查不同类型的精神障碍 (主要抑郁症,适应障碍,抑郁状态) 与工作场所的性别构成有何关系.
主要方法:
- 在2011年至2022年期间,对日本公务员进行了一项回顾性队列研究,他们因精神障碍而经历LTSA.
- 工作场所的性别组成,特别是女性员工的比例,是主要的暴露变量.
- 用多项逻辑回归分析计算了不同类型精神障碍的相对风险比率 (RRR).
主要成果:
- 大型抑郁症与年龄,性别组成,管理角色和文职人员地位有关.
- 男性占主导地位的工作场所显示,由于严重抑郁症 (RRR=0.43) 导致LTSA的相对风险较高.
- 女性占主导地位的工作场所与由于适应障碍而导致LTSA的相对风险更高有关.
结论:
- 工作场所的性别构成显著影响了与精神疾病相关的长期病缺风险.
- 心理健康策略和工作场所干预措施应特别设计,考虑到劳动力的性别人口统计数据.
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