夜间的噪音污染和人工光线改变了城市适配器中性信号的选择压力
Andrew D Cronin1,2, Rotem Zilber1, Paul Jerem1
1Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Section Ecology and Evolution, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Journal of evolutionary biology
|July 15, 2025
概括
夜间的人工光和噪音污染会影响动物的交流. 光污染减少了捕食者和伴侣的吸引力,而噪音污染具有混合作用,改变了性选择压力.
科学领域:
- 生态学和进化生物学.
- 动物行为 动物行为
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 人为引起的环境变化,包括光污染和噪音污染,显著影响动物的通信系统.
- 性信号器对于繁殖至关重要,面临来自这些人为因素的改变选择压力,影响与伴侣和捕食者的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究实验性光和噪声污染对túngara青 (Engystomops pustulosus) 性信号的单独和综合影响.
- 确定这些污染物如何影响雌性青 (伴侣) 和蝙蝠捕食者的吸引力,以吸引雄性广告呼叫.
主要方法:
- 在实地实验中使用了完全的因数设计,控制添加光和噪声污染.
- 使用雄性túngara青的呼叫进行了两种选择的回放测试,以评估雌性青和蝙蝠捕食者的反应.
- 检查了在污染条件下对不同明显度的信号的交配和捕食偏好的变化.
主要成果:
- 光污染显著减少了捕食者和雌性青的接近.
- 噪音污染放大了光线对捕食者的影响,但对雌性青来说却减少了光线的影响.
- 光污染降低了女性对明显呼叫的偏好,这种效应通过增加噪音来减轻.
结论:
- 光污染可以减少自然选择,并增加男性青信号上的性选择压力.
- 研究结果表明,光污染可能解释了城市环境中捕食者和伴侣数量的减少.
- 为城市男性人口中性信号的明显性和吸引力增加提供了因果关系.
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