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长期的音乐训练可以防止与年龄相关的神经活动在语音噪音感知中的升级

Lei Zhang^1,2,3, Bernhard Ross³, Yi Du^1,2,4

¹State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Science and Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.

|July 15, 2025

概括

长期的音乐训练,是一种认知储备,有助于老年人保持年轻人的大脑活动模式. 这项研究发现,音乐家在语音噪音任务中表现出较少的与年龄相关的神经招募,从而提高了表现.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
认知老龄化认知老龄化
听觉感知是一种听觉感知.

背景情况:

老年人经常在认知任务中表现出增加的神经活动和连接性.
通过音乐训练等活动建立的认知储备可以提供补偿的神经资源.
认知储备和与年龄相关的神经变化之间的相互作用尚未完全理解.

研究的目的:

为了研究长期音乐训练的认知储备如何影响与年龄有关的神经活动在语音噪音任务.
为了确定音乐训练是否能促进或阻碍与年龄相关的神经招募.

主要方法:

功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于测量在语音噪音任务期间的大脑活动.
参与者包括老年音乐家和老年非音乐家.
分析了任务诱导的功能连接和空间模式.

主要成果:

与非音乐家相比,老年音乐家在听觉背部区域的功能连接的调节下降.
这种减少了音乐家的神经招募预测了更好的行为表现.
年长的音乐家表现出更像年轻人的功能连接的空间模式.

结论:

从长期音乐训练中获得的认知储备可以减轻在苛刻的认知任务中与年龄有关的神经招募.
音乐训练可以促进更高效的神经处理在老化.
研究结果突出了认知储备对与年龄相关的神经变化的保护作用.

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