在暴露于公开演讲焦虑期间,所担心的结果预期和缓解的变化
Nora M Barnes-Horowitz1, Tomislav D Zbozinek2, Michelle G Craske3
1University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Behaviour research and therapy
|July 15, 2025
概括
暴露疗法通过更新对负面结果的预期来减少公开演讲的焦虑. 恐惧事件没有发生后的缓解与减少焦虑有关,这表明积极情绪在这个过程中发挥了作用.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
- 认知行为疗法是认知行为疗法.
背景情况:
- 暴露疗法被认为通过更新对厌恶事件的预期来起作用.
- 奖励过程和积极情绪 (如缓解) 在暴露治疗中的作用尚未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查预期更新和缓解在公共演讲焦虑暴露治疗中的作用.
- 为了比较积极与中性排练对暴露治疗期间学习和情绪反应的影响.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (加州大学洛杉矶分校的大学生) 接受了两次公开演讲暴露 (共16次暴露).
- 参与者被随机分配到暴露后的积极或中性排练条件.
- 测量了自我报告的期望和缓解,以及学习和缓解率的计算建模.
主要成果:
- 在两组人群中,公开演讲的焦虑程度都下降了,没有显著差异.
- 观察到的预期评分在中性排练组下降的速度更快.
- 随着时间的推移,观察到的缓解率仅在阳性排练组下降.
结论:
- 预期更新是暴露治疗中的一个关键机制.
- 暴露期间经历的缓解可能在减少焦虑方面发挥重要作用,这需要进一步调查.
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