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相关概念视频

Microtubules in Cell Motility01:24

Microtubules in Cell Motility

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Microtubules are thick hollow cylindrical proteins that help form the cytoskeleton. Microtubules have varied roles in the cell. These filaments help form cellular appendages like cilia and flagella, which are responsible for locomotion. The cilia arise from basal bodies, separated from the main body by a membrane-like structure forming the transition zone. This zone is the gate for the entry of lipids and proteins, creating a unique composition of lipids and proteins in the ciliary membrane and...
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Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins01:32

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Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular...
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The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles01:43

The Movement of Organelles and Vesicles

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In eukaryotic cells,  cytoskeletal filaments such as actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments form a mesh-like cytoskeletal network. These filaments serve as tracks for transporting cellular cargo. Specialized motor proteins use the chemical energy stored in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for this transport. During interphase, microtubules are polarized, with the plus-end towards the cell periphery and the minus-end towards the cell center. Two microtubule-associated motor proteins,...
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Motor Units

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A motor unit consists of two main components: a single efferent motor neuron (i.e., a neuron that carries impulses away from the central nervous system) and all of the muscle fibers it innervates. The motor neuron may innervate multiple muscle fibers, which are single cells, but only one motor neuron innervates a single muscle fiber.
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Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures

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Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
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Microtubules01:35

Microtubules

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There are three types of cytoskeletal structures in eukaryotic cells—microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the thickest of these fibers. Microtubules carry out a variety of functions that include cell structure and support, transport of organelles, cell motility (movement), and the separation of chromosomes during cell division.
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基于细胞和细胞组件的微/纳米电机.

Kaige Zheng1, Lingke Li1, Qian Li1

  • 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou 450001, China.

Acta biomaterialia
|July 15, 2025
PubMed
概括

细胞微/纳米电机 (MNM) 利用纳米技术用于先进的生物医学应用. 这些生物相容电机提供了改进的药物输送和成像,克服了传统的局限性.

关键词:
自主运动 自主运动生物相容性 生物相容性基于细胞/细胞组件的微/纳米电机.有针对性的药物输送.

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科学领域:

  • 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
  • 纳米技术 纳米技术
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • 微/纳米发动机 (MNM) 是一个快速发展的纳米技术领域,具有重要的生物医学潜力.
  • 传统的药物递送方法在向和生物可用性方面面临挑战,但MNM可以克服这些挑战.
  • 基于细胞或细胞组件的纳米电机与其他材料相比,具有更高的生物相容性和生物降解性.

研究的目的:

  • 审查基于细胞/细胞组件的微/纳米电机的制备方法和应用.
  • 突出这些生物基纳米电机在生物医学领域的优势.
  • 讨论这个新兴技术的现状,挑战和未来前景.

主要方法:

  • 系统审查最近 (过去三年) 细胞和生物微纳米电机的进展.
  • 专注于核心优势和应用,特别是精确的药物输送和多功能集成.
  • 分析关键问题,挑战和未来的研究方向.

主要成果:

  • 细胞微/纳米发动机在向药物输送,物质输送和成像方面具有显著的潜力.
  • 这些生物启发的电机将细胞生物相容性与纳米电机的精确控制相结合.
  • 最近的进展突出了它们在制造人工细胞和微型机器人的作用.

结论:

  • 基于细胞和细胞组件的微纳米发动机代表了纳米技术和生物医学交叉处的一个有希望的前沿.
  • 需要进一步的研究来应对当前的挑战,并充分发挥其在临床应用中的潜力.
  • 本综述为设计和制造用于生物医学应用的先进生物基微型/纳米电机提供了见解.