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老年人人脸识别中的神经补偿性变化:来自事件相关潜力的唤起和振荡反应的证据

Kanako Matsufuji¹, Emi Yamada², Hisato Nakazono³

¹Department of Orthoptics, Faculty of Medical Science, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, 3-6-40 Momochihama, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0001, Japan.

Neuroscience letters

|July 15, 2025

概括

老年人表现出面部识别的保存,尽管与年龄相关的早期视觉处理的变化. 面部识别的下降可能源于异步的神经活动,而不是特异性丧失.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
认知心理学认知心理学
老年学是一门学科.

背景情况:

面部识别对于社交互动至关重要,但随着年龄的增长而下降.
衰老影响了面部处理的早期感知阶段,影响了N170.0等组件.
之前对老化面部P100成分的研究是有限的和不一致的.

研究的目的:

在面部识别过程中调查与事件相关潜力 (ERP) 的年龄相关差异.
在年轻和老年人中分析神经突变 (P100,N170) 和振荡活动.
探索与年龄相关的面部处理变化背后的神经机制.

主要方法:

在面部刺激呈现期间,年轻 (n=22) 和年长 (n=22) 的成年人测量ERP (P100,N170).
分析了相锁神经元的瞬态和振荡活动,包括试验间相连贯性 (ITPC).
评估了ERP组件的面部反转效应和半球横向化.

主要成果:

在P100和N170组件中观察到与年龄相关的显著差异.
老年人缺乏N170典型的右半球优势,但保留了面部反转效应.
与年轻人相比,在老年人中发现了较低的试验间相一致性 (相同步).

结论:

初级视觉皮层与年龄相关的变化会影响P100组件.
减少N170右半球优势可能表明神经补偿,保持面部识别特异性.
面部识别与年龄相关的下降与面部特定区域的异步神经阶段锁定有关.

关键词:

衰老的衰老衰老的衰老面部识别系统是面部识别系统.神经振荡是一种神经振荡.P100 和 N170 的情况.

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