精神分裂症住院患者的终身护理:国家索赔数据库回顾性队列研究
Fumiya Ito1, Shintaro Togashi2,3, Maho Aoyama1,4
1Department of Palliative Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
BMJ supportive & palliative care
|July 15, 2025
概括
在日本,精神分裂症住院患者的终身护理表现出明显的模式. 精神分裂症患者不太可能接受心肺复苏或机械呼吸,但更可能接受阿片类药物.
科学领域:
- 医学研究 医学研究
- 精神病医疗护理 精神病医疗护理
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 对于精神分裂症等严重精神疾病患者的终身护理需要特别注意.
- 了解护理模式对于改善终端阶段生活质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查诊断为精神分裂症的住院患者的终身护理利用情况.
- 使用国家数据库,将精神分裂症患者的护理实践与一般已故住院患者群体进行比较.
主要方法:
- 使用日本国家数据库 (NDB) 采样索赔数据的回顾性队列研究.
- 纳入标准:202年至2015年间死亡的20岁以上的住院患者.
- 测量结果:在生命的最后14天内接受特定终身护理干预的患者比例.
主要成果:
- 精神分裂症患者 (n=530) 主要死于精神病房 (44.8%).
- 与对照组相比,精神分裂症患者接受的心肺复苏 (16.6%与20.5%) 和机械呼吸 (13.4%与20.9%) 较少.
- 精神分裂症与阿片类药物使用增加 (adj OR:1.57) 和心肺复苏/机械呼吸减少 (adj ORs:0.50,0.48) 相关.
结论:
- 这项研究突出了日本精神分裂症住院患者的特定生命终端护理模式.
- 研究结果表明,高强度干预的使用率较低,但阿片类药物使用率在这个人群中增加.
- 利用国家索赔数据提供了有关终身护理差异的有价值的见解.
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