社会比较对个人和群体在跨群体环境中的风险决策的影响
Lingchao Sun1,2, Yilin Xiao1, Wenxu Mao1
1School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, Shandong, China.
Australian journal of psychology
|July 16, 2025
概括
社会比较会影响风险承担,尤其是在选择外在群体时. 个人为"他们"而不是为"我"或"我们"承担更多的风险,特别是在上行比较场景中.
科学领域:
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 决策科学 决策科学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 社会比较理论认为,个人通过与他人进行比较来评估自己.
- 冒险行为受到各种心理和社会因素的影响.
- 集团间的背景为决策过程带来了独特的动态.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会比较 (上行与下行) 如何影响风险决策.
- 检查这些影响,当个人为自己做出决定时,他们的内组,或一个外组.
- 探索社会比较和决策者在跨群组环境中的作用之间的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 进行了两个实验对象内部实验.
- 因素设计: 2 (社会比较:向上,向下) × 3 (决策者角色:为我,为我们,为他们).
- 实验1侧重于内组环境;实验2侧重于外组环境.
主要成果:
- 外组决策在上行比较中显示了风险寻求的增加;在内组环境中,这种影响减少了.
- 对外组 ("他们") 的决策比对自己 ("我") 或内组 ("我们") 的决策风险更大.
- 社会比较对风险承担的影响在集团决策方面得到了放大.
结论:
- 研究结果支持选择性可访问性模型解释风险决策.
- 减轻责任可能解释了自我组在承担风险行为的差异.
- 社会比较和群体背景显著调节集团内部决策中的风险承担.
相关概念视频
In- and Out-Groups
40.1K
People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.
40.1K
Social Proof
28.6K
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
28.6K
The Sense of Self: Reflected Self-Appraisal and Social Comparison
51.6K
According to Charles Cooley, we base our image on what we think other people see (Cooley 1902). We imagine how we must appear to others, then react to this speculation. We don certain clothes, prepare our hair in a particular manner, wear makeup, use cologne, and the like—all with the notion that our presentation of ourselves is going to affect how others perceive us. We expect a certain reaction, and, if lucky, we get the one we desire and feel good about it. But more than that, Cooley...
51.6K
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping
40.4K
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...
40.4K
Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.5K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.5K
Deindividuation
27.3K
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
27.3K


