形态感知的生成现象学:对眼幻觉感知的感知图和皮质模型
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|July 16, 2025
概括
眼 (惰的眼睛) 导致幻象视觉形式. 研究人员模拟了这些感知,揭示了眼症中皮质受体场的改变如何改变感知,允许视力超过物理存在的东西.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算视觉 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
背景情况:
- 感知是由皮层神经元对感官输入的处理产生的.
- 眼 (惰眼) 的特点是视觉感知发生变化,包括在使用眼 (AE) 观察时在刺激中不存在的幻影形状的现象.
- 这与典型的视觉缺陷不同,需要独特的建模方法.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究神经机制,底层的产生幻觉在眼的感知.
- 为了建模视觉信息处理在眼视觉皮层的转换.
- 了解神经元受体场的变化如何影响视觉感知.
主要方法:
- 利用计算机指导的二光学显示器向双眼眼 (AE) 呈现刺激.
- 获得的感知图,或可观看的记录感知图像,单个格子显示给AE.
- 开发了一种正式方程,将AE刺激的皮质信号与向同伴眼睛 (FE) 呈现的匹配感知图 (matched perceptograms) 的信号联系起来,从而使AE受体场变换的导出成为可能.
主要成果:
- 在92.6%的案例中,来自AE刺激的幻觉感知与FE刺激产生的平面图案准确匹配.
- 衍生出双眼视 (AE) 感受场作为同眼 (FE) 感受场的线性转换.
- 改造后的AE模型成功地预测了感知图,并解释了区分周期性扭曲的缺陷.
结论:
- 在眼症中神经受体场的改变显著影响视觉感知.
- 这项研究表明,皮质受体场的变化可以导致对比实际存在的视觉特征更多的视觉特征的感知.
- 这些发现提供了一个计算模型,用于理解眼的生成现象学.
相关概念视频
Gestalt Principles of Perception
457
Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
457
Perceptual Constancy
558
Perceptual constancy is the ability to recognize that objects remain consistent and unchanged even when their appearance varies due to changes in sensory input. There are four main types of perceptual constancy: size constancy, shape constancy, color constancy, and brightness constancy.
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
Size constancy is the recognition that an object remains the same size, even when its image on the retina changes. For instance, a bus is perceived to be large enough to carry people, even if it looks tiny from...
558
Perception
584
Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...
584
Gestalt Psychology
759
Gestalt psychology, founded by Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Kohler, emphasizes the importance of understanding perception as an organized whole. Developed as a counter to Wilhelm Wundt's structuralism, this approach posits that our perceptions are more than just the sum of sensory parts; they are comprehensive wholes where the relationships between parts define the perception. The principle "The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" encapsulates this view,...
759
Somatosensation
38.5K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
38.5K
Vision
55.4K
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
55.4K


