通过使用遗传信息设计检查儿童时期的认知能力和情绪问题之间的关联:是否存在因果关系?
Meredith X Han1,2, Ivan Voronin3, Margherita Malanchini1,4
1Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
概括
儿童的情绪问题可能导致非语言认知能力下降,这反过来又增加了进一步情绪困难的风险. 早期干预是打破这种循环的关键.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
背景情况:
- 情绪问题和认知困难往往同时发生.
- 认知和情绪之间的因果路径尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 调查情绪问题和认知能力 (口头和非口头) 在整个发展过程中的双向关系.
- 检查遗传和环境因素对这些关联的影响.
主要方法:
- 在双胞胎早期发育研究 (TEDS) 中利用了5,124对双胞胎的数据.
- 在7,9和12岁时使用问卷和基于任务的措施评估了情绪问题和认知能力.
- 采用交叉延迟和遗传交叉延迟模型来分析发育轨迹.
主要成果:
- 观察到认知能力和情绪问题之间的双向关联.
- 在控制遗传和环境影响后,非语言能力和情绪问题显示出持久的关联.
- 早期的情绪问题预测了以后的非语言能力,后者随后预测了进一步的情绪问题.
结论:
- 遗传和环境因素显著影响了观察到的关联.
- 一个发展级联存在,早期的情绪问题可以影响非语言认知,增加后来的情绪风险.
- 调查结果强调需要针对性,年龄和领域特定的干预措施.
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