为健康的住宅建筑优化节能多污染物空气净化系统
Dalong Gao1, Wenbin Zhuang2, Wei Liu3
1Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
使用空气净化器控制室内空气污染物 (IAP) 降低了健康风险,但增加了能源消耗. 这项研究优化了IAP控制,为北京找到一个具有成本效益的战略,可以显著降低疾病负担.
科学领域:
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 建筑科学 建筑科学
背景情况:
- 对室内空气污染物 (IAP) 的高暴露带来了严重的健康风险.
- 空气净化器减轻了IAP的暴露,但增加了能源消耗,创造了能源与健康的联系.
- 需要有效的战略来平衡减少污染物和能源效率.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个动态控制模型,以优化住宅建筑中的多重污染物度.
- 量化六个关键IAP的各种干预场景下的能源健康权衡.
- 确定室内空气质量管理的具有成本效益的多目标战略.
主要方法:
- 在北京的住宅建筑中,全年对六种IAP (PM2.5,甲,臭氧,,SO2,NO2) 进行模拟.
- 多重污染物度和能源消耗的动态控制模型.
- 非主导排序多目标优化以建立帕雷托最佳解决方案.
主要成果:
- PM2.5被确定为主要的IAP.
- 干预P1 (PM2.5值1-5μg/m3) 将IAP平均度降低了84.5%,疾病负担降低了36.7%.
- 场景P4+B1 (PM2.5 25-35 μg/m3,0.01-0.02 mg/m3) 是最具成本效益的,避免了108.9万个DALY.
结论:
- 一种动态的,多目标的优化方法可以有效地管理室内空气质量.
- P4+B1方案提供了一种实用且具有成本效益的策略,用于减少北京的健康影响.
- 调查结果为全球制定协作多污染物治理战略提供了方法支持.
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