在观看城市和自然场景时,感知流性和眼球运动
Marek Franěk1, Jan Petružálek2
1Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Králové, 503 00, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. marek.franek@uhk.cz.
Scientific reports
|July 16, 2025
概括
观看自然场景,而不是城市场景,减少了眼睛运动活动. 这项研究发现,感知流性和碎形复杂性无法解释这种效应,质疑当前关于自然的理论.
科学领域:
- 环境心理学 环境心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 之前的研究将自然观看与眼动活动减少联系起来,这通常是由注意力恢复理论解释的.
- 注意恢复理论的经验支持受到辩论,需要对涉及的机制进行进一步调查.
- 研究感知流性和碎形复杂性的作用为观察到的眼动模式差异提供了潜在的解释.
研究的目的:
- 在观看自然环境与城市环境时,复制眼睛运动活动减少的发现.
- 检查感知流性和碎形复杂性是否调解自然场景和减少眼动之间的关系.
- 探索自然和城市环境之间的视觉处理差异的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 参与者 (N=66) 观看森林和城市公寓楼的图像,同时记录眼睛的运动.
- 分析了眼动指标,包括固定数和持续时间.
- 评估了自我报告的感知流性和视觉刺激的碎形复杂性.
主要成果:
- 与城市图像相比,观看自然图像时观察到明显减少的眼动活动 (更少,更长的固定).
- 在带有树叶和没有树叶的森林图像之间,没有发现眼动活动的显著差异.
- 调解分析显示,感知流性或碎形复杂性对眼睛固定没有显著的影响.
结论:
- 该研究证实,自然环境引起的眼动活动比城市环境少.
- 感知流性和碎形复杂性似乎不是自然界眼睛运动减少的主要驱动因素.
- 需要进一步的研究来确定特定的空间认知特征和个人差异,这些特征和个体差异影响了对自然和城市场景的眼动模式.
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