局部特定的HERV表达与肝细胞癌相关
Hui Wen1,2, Marcos Pérez-Losada3, Lopa Mishra4
1Computational Biology Institute and Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA. wendy713@gwmail.gwu.edu.
Mobile DNA
|July 16, 2025
概括
人体内源逆转录病毒 (HERVs) 在肝癌 (HCC) 中表现异常. 抑制的HERV-H家族成员可能会驱动瘤脱差和转移,这表明HERV是潜在的治疗点.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 病毒学 病毒学
背景情况:
- 人体内源逆转录病毒 (HERVs) 是带有辅助蛋白质的遗传元素,影响细胞过程和疾病,包括癌症.
- 异常的HERV表达与各种病理有关,需要对特定癌症类型 (如肝细胞癌 (HCC)) 进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究肝细胞癌 (HCC) 中的特定位置的HERV表达模式.
- 探索HERV表达和基因失调在HCC发育和进展中的关联.
主要方法:
- 来自癌症基因组图谱 (TCGA) 的424个HCC样本 (371个瘤,50个匹配正常) 的RNA测序数据的分析.
- 利用望远镜工具识别和量化整个RNA测序数据中的HERV表达.
主要成果:
- 大多数差异表达的HERVs (166对50) 在HCC瘤组织中与正常组织相比下调.
- 抑制HERV-H家族成员,对细胞分化至关重要,与瘤脱差,可塑性和转移潜力相关.
- 特定的HERV家族表现出不同的表达模式:HERVH和ERVLE在瘤中被下调,而HERVE和HERV9在瘤中被上调.
结论:
- HERV表达与HCC显著相关,在瘤组织中观察到差异调节.
- 改变的HERV表达模式可能反映了恶性组织中转录调节或染色质结构的变化.
- 在HCC中HERV表达的转变表明它在瘤生物学中起着复杂的作用,因此需要进一步研究它们作为生物标志物或治疗点的潜力.
相关概念视频
01:32Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER
3.9K
After folding, the ER assesses the quality of secretory and membrane proteins. The correctly folded proteins are cleared by the calnexin cycle for transport to their final destination, while misfolded proteins are held back in the ER lumen. The ER chaperones attempt to unfold and refold the misfolded proteins but sometimes fail to achieve the correct native conformation. Such terminally misfolded proteins are then exported to the cytosol by ER-associated degradation or ERAD pathway for...
3.9K
03:18Non-LTR Retrotransposons
11.9K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
11.9K
02:39lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs
9.0K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
9.0K
01:51Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers
5.3K
Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
5.3K
01:03Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
5.4K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.4K