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耽误折扣和强迫症障碍的风险容忍:来自全球强迫症研究的结果
Karolina M Lempert1, Benjamin Huber2,3, Marcelo C Batistuzzo4,5
1Gordon F. Derner School of Psychology, Adelphi University, Garden City, NY, USA.
概括
与健康对照组相比,没有药物治疗的强迫症 (OCD) 的成年人在延迟折扣或风险容忍方面没有差异. 然而,强迫症患者的焦虑和抑郁与对立即奖励的偏好相关.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 强迫症 (OCD) 的特点是决策能力受损,但对强迫症患者经济决策的研究产生了相互矛盾的结果.
- 之前的研究并没有在强迫症患者中始终发现延迟折扣或风险容忍的缺陷.
研究的目的:
- 研究强迫症成年人和健康对照 (HC) 之间的延迟折扣和风险耐受性的差异.
- 探索伴随性焦虑和抑郁症状以及强迫症决策措施之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 这是一项跨文化研究,涉及268名没有药物治疗的成年人患有强迫症和256名HC在五个国家 (巴西,印度,荷兰,南非,美国).
- 评估延迟折扣 (偏好即时与延迟奖励) 和风险容忍度 (愿意接受不确定的奖励).
- 对人口 (年龄,性别,教育,社会经济地位) 和认知 (IQ) 变量以及研究地点的统计控制.
主要成果:
- 在控制共变量后,在强迫症和HC患者之间没有发现延迟折扣或风险容忍的显著差异.
- 在强迫症组中,较高的焦虑和抑郁程度和延迟折扣 (偏好立即奖励) 的增加之间观察到正相关性.
结论:
- 没有药物治疗的强迫症本身可能与延迟折扣或风险容忍度的改变无关.
- 伴随性焦虑和抑郁症状显著影响强迫症的决策,特别是通过增加对即时奖励的偏好.
- 这些发现强调了考虑症状严重程度的重要性,以了解强迫症障碍的决策障碍.
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