在2022-2023年世界击剑锦标赛中,相对年龄的影响
Fabiana Bonito1, Joana Viães2, Júlia Teles1
1Interdisciplinary Center for Human Performance, Faculty of Human Motricity, University of Lisbon, Dafundo, Portugal.
Frontiers in sports and active living
|July 17, 2025
概括
相对年龄效应 (RAE) 在2022-2023年世界击剑锦标赛总体和性别中被发现. 教练应该意识到这一RAE在精英击剑.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 人才识别 人才识别
- 围性能分析 围性能分析
背景情况:
- 相对年龄效应 (RAE) 是体育界一个已有充分证据的现象,在体育运动中,在选择年早出生的运动员具有表现优势.
- 关于围中RAE的研究是有限的,并显示出不一致的发现,需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 调查2022-2023年世界击剑锦标赛中相对年龄效应 (RAE) 的存在和程度.
- 分析不同年龄类别 (学员,初级,高级) 和精英击剑中的性别的RAE.
主要方法:
- 分析了2022-2023年世界锦标赛2,791名围运动员 (学员,青年,高级) 的数据.
- 奇平方适合性测试被用来评估出生季度分布.
- 计算了标准化余量,克拉梅尔的V和赔率比,以量化RAE. 非参数测试比较了当检测到RAE时,出生季度的相对分类.
主要成果:
- 在总样本 (p < 0.001) 和女性 (p = 0.016) 和男性 (p = 0.046) 手中,RAE具有统计学意义.
- 在所有分析中,RAE的效果大小 (克拉梅尔V) 都很小.
- 在检查单个围赛事时,RAE是不确定的.
结论:
- 相对年龄效应在精英击剑中存在,影响男性和女性运动员.
- 虽然在统计学上显著,但RAE在围中的实际影响可能是有限的,因为效果大小小小.
- 选手和围人才培养计划的教练应该考虑RAE对运动员选择和进步的潜在影响.
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