极早到2岁儿童的认知,语言和运动发育模式:一种描述性的方法
Erika Jurišová1, Lucia Ráczová1, Marta Zaťková1
1Department of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia.
Frontiers in psychology
|July 17, 2025
概括
极低妊娠年龄 (ELGA) 的新生儿最初表现出平均的认知,运动和语言技能,但在两岁时会出现发育迟缓. 对于这些高风险婴儿来说,早期和持续的监测至关重要.
科学领域:
- 新生儿发育 新生儿发育
- 儿科神经发育 儿童神经发育
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
背景情况:
- 极低妊娠年龄 (ELGA) 新生儿的生存率增加在发育能力方面带来了挑战.
- 对斯洛伐克ELGA儿童进行长度研究,以评估神经发育模式和延迟.
- 专注于认知,运动和语言的发展从7-8个月到24-25个月的修正年龄.
研究的目的:
- 检查ELGA儿童的神经发育模式.
- 确定发育迟缓 (认知,运动,语言) 的流行程度.
- 确定诸如妊娠年龄和出生体重等危险因素.
主要方法:
- 包括17个ELGA儿童 (24-28周GA;560-1150gBW).包括17个ELGA儿童 (24-28周GA;560-1150gBW).
- 使用贝利婴儿和幼儿发育尺度,第三版 (贝利-III) 进行评估.
- 分析了7-8个月和24-25个月的修正年龄的发育轨迹.
主要成果:
- 在7至8个月的ELGA儿童的得分低于标准的5至10分,其中30%显示轻度至中度的延迟.
- 在24-25个月后,得分进一步下降 (低于标准的12-17分),其中58.9%的延迟 (轻度中度和严重).
- 语言技能显示出最明显的下降,从典型发展转向延迟发展;较低的GA和BW与更高风险的模式相关.
结论:
- ELGA儿童需要早期和长期的发育监测.
- 识别更广泛的健康和非健康风险因素对于改善结果至关重要.
- 这项研究强调了针对ELGA人群的有针对性的干预措施的必要性.
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