埃塞俄比亚新生儿死性肠球炎的患病率和预测因素:系统性审查和元分析
Bikila Balis1, Magarsa Lami1, Ibsa Musa2
1School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O. Box 235, Harar, Harari Regional State, Ethiopia.
International health
|July 17, 2025
概括
新生儿死性肠球炎 (NEC) 影响了埃塞俄比亚NICU中16%的新生儿. 关键预测因素包括早产,非常低的出生体重和延长的NICU停留时间,突出了针对性预防策略的需要.
科学领域:
- 新生儿科学 新生儿科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 撒哈拉以南非洲的新生儿死亡率很高,埃塞俄比亚在2019年每1000名活产婴儿中有30人死亡.
- 新生儿死性肠球炎 (NEC) 是全球新生儿死亡的重要原因,但在埃塞俄比亚的证据有限.
- 了解NEC的患病率和预测因素对于在埃塞俄比亚开发有效干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定埃塞俄比亚新生儿重症监护病房 (NICU) 新生儿死性肠球炎 (NEC) 的综合流行率.
- 在入院新生儿中确定与新生儿NEC相关的显著预测因素.
- 为有针对性的干预和预防策略提供证据.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Scopus,CINAHL,PubMed,Web of Science等) 中进行了系统的文献搜索. 和参考清单.
- 使用Stata版本17和随机效应模型的元分析被用于确定聚合的流行率和赔率比率 (ORs).
- 使用异质性,敏感性分析和漏斗图片来评估研究质量和出版偏差.
主要成果:
- 包括12项包括7675名新生儿的研究,显示新生儿NEC的整体综合患病率为16% (95% CI:11%至22%).
- 过早分娩,出生时体重非常低,在NICU停留时间较长被确定为NEC的重要预测因素.
- 后分析和敏感性分析证实了结果的稳定性,没有发现显著的出版偏差.
结论:
- 在埃塞俄比亚的NICU接受治疗的新生儿中,大约有六分之一的新生儿患上NEC.
- 在这个人群中,早产,出生时体重非常低,长时间停留在NICU是NEC的关键风险因素.
- 研究结果强调,迫切需要有针对性的预防策略和高质量的母婴卫生保健,以减少NEC发病率和改善新生儿结果.
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